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지역독립성 가정의 위배가 IRT 수직척도의 척도변동성에 미치는 영향

The effects of violation of the local independence assumption on scale variability in IRT vertical scale

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류교육학

초록

문항반응이론(item response theory; IRT)에 기초하여 수직척도를 개발하여 사용할 경우 개발과정에서 모형, 가정의 충족여부, 자료수집방법 등 많은 요인들이 수직척도 개발에 영향을 끼치기 때문에 그 해석에 유의해야 한다. 이 연구에서는 단위검사로 구성된 검사에서의 자료수집방법 선택에 따라 IRT 방법을 적용하여 수직척도를 개발할 때 지역 독립성 가정의 위배가 수직척도의 특성 중 척도변동성에 미치는 영향을 탐색하고자 모의자료를 통해 공통문항설계방법과 척도검사설계방법에서 수직척도를 개발하였다. 연구결과, 지역독립성 가정이 충족되었을 경우에도 자료수집방법 간 척도변동성이 다르게 산출되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 가정이 위배되었을 경우에는 두 자료수집방법 모두에서 척도수축 현상이 나타났으며 그 정도는 공통문항설계방법에서 보다 크게 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 지역독립성 가정의 위배가 심할 때 공통문항설계방법을 사용하여 자료를 수집할 경우 단위검사모형과 같이 단위검사의 효과를 모형화하여 이를 통제하는 모형을 선택하거나 단위검사를 하나의 측정단위로 하여 이를 다분문항으로 취급해 단위검사의 효과를 없애는 다분문항반응모형 등으로 단위검사로 인한 지역독립성 가정 위배의 영향을 최소화해야 할 것이다.

Abstract

When IRT is used to construct a vertical scale, there are many effects of many factor which are model, assumption, data collection design on vertical scale. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of violation of local independence assumption on scale variability in IRT vertical scales for tests composed of testlet based on different data collection designs. Data collection designs used in this study were scaling test design and common item design. The data were generated in two dimensional compensatory model incorporated testlet effect. In result, when the local independence assumption was satisfied, scale variability yielded different patterns between scaling test design and common item design. Scale variability under both of data collection design showed scale shrinkage when the local independence assumption was not met. And the magnitude of shrinkage in common item design was more than those in scaling test design. Therefore, in practical, when IRT is used to construct a vertical scale with sever violation of local independence assumption, it must be controlled testlet effect using testlet-based scoring or testlet model incoporated testlet effects.

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