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우리나라 중소제조기업의 영업비밀 사용 요인에 관한 연구: 인력을 중심으로

A Study on the Factors Affecting South Korean Small and Medium-sized Manufacturing Enterprises’ Use of Trade Secrecy: A Manpower Perspective

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한국혁신학회|2024.11|한국혁신학회지 (Innovation studies)|제19권 제4호|pp. 143-161|DOI 10.46251/INNOS.2024.11.19.4.143

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키워드

영업비밀Intellectual Property인력Manpower중소기업지식재산Small and Medium-sized Enterprises보완자산Trade SecrecyComplementary Assets

초록

영업비밀과 특허는 가장 보편적으로 사용되는 기술 보호 방식이지만, 영업비밀은 그 정의 상 관측이 어려워 영업비밀 연구는 특허 연구에 비해 매우 부족한 편이다. 본 연구는 우리나라 중소제조기업의 영업비밀 사용을 R&D 인력과 판매 인력을 중심으로 연구한다. 연구결과는 기업의 비밀유지협약(non-disclosure agreement) 체결 여부가 R&D 인력과는 정(+)의 관계를, 판매 인력과는 부(-)의 관계를 가짐을 보여준다. 본 연구는 기술의 가치사슬(value chain) 상･하류에 위치한 인력이 지식재산 보호 방식의 결정에 정반대의 영향을 줄 수 있음을 조명하였다. 이는 선행연구의 상･하류 역량 구분이 중소제조기업의 지식재산 보호 방식의 결정과 관련해서도 유효하다는 것을 시사한다. 본 연구는 인력이 각 보호 방식의 종합적 사용에 잠재적 변동을 초래할 수 있음을 보여주었다는 점에서 인적자본(human capital) 문헌과 가치 전유 메커니즘(value capture mechanism) 문헌의 교차점에 기여하는 바가 크다.

Abstract

Trade secrecy and patents are the two most widely used intellectual property (IP) protection mechanisms. Despite the plethora of research on patents, relatively few studies have examined firms’ decisions on trade secrecy, largely because these are not suited for empirical observation. This study examines the factors affecting South Korean small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises’ use of trade secrecy, focusing on R&D (upstream) and marketing (downstream) manpower. The findings suggest that the choice to use a non-disclosure agreement was positively related to R&D manpower, but negatively to marketing manpower. This study highlights that upstream and downstream manpower can have opposite influences on IP protection mechanism choices. This finding suggests that prior work’s demarcation of upstream and downstream capabilities provides a useful insight on the choices of IP protection mechanisms. This study shows that a firm’s manpower can potentially alter the bundled use of IP protection mechanisms, contributing to the intersection of human capital and value capture mechanism literature.

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