역기능적 자기평가 척도 개발 및 타당화
Development and Validation of the Dysfunctional Self-Evaluation Scale
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본 연구는 역기능적 자기평가 척도(the Dysfunctional Self-Evaluation Scale, DSES)를 개발 및 타당하였다. 역기능적 자기평가는 왜곡된 자기개념과 심리적 부적응에 영향을 줄 것으로 예상된다. 연구 1에서 만 20–64세의 성인 233명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였고, 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하여 DSES의 요인구조를 확인하였다. 다음으로, 연구 2에서 만 20–64세의 성인 205명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였고, 최종 문항을 선정하기 위해서 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 이로 인해 총 각 하위요인별 5문항씩 총 15문항이 확정되었다. DSES는 긍정왜곡 자기평가, 부정왜곡 자기평가, 그리고 타인비교 자기평가의 3요인 구조로 확인되었다. 마지막으로 연구 3에서 만 20–64세의 성인 205명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하여 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 모형의 타당성을 확인하였다. 분석 결과, 3요인 구조는 적합한 것으로 나타났고, 적절한 내적일관성을 보였다. 준거타당도 결과, 긍정왜곡 자기평가는 외현적 자기애와, 반면 부정왜곡 자기평가는 내현적 자기애, 우울, 불안과관련이 있었다. 타인비교 자기평가는 내현적 자기애, 우울, 불안과 관련이 있었다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 제한점 및 의의를 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the Dysfunctional Self-Evaluation Scale (DSES). Dysfunctional self-evaluation was expected to influence on a distorted self-concept, thereby causing a psychological maladjustment. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were carried out on data administered to 233 an individual between the ages of 20 and 64 in study 1, resulting in three factors of 24 items. In sequence, EFA were carried out on data administered to 205 an individual between the ages of 20 and 64 in study 2, three factors of final 15 items were confirmed. The DSES was divided into three factors: positive distortion self-evaluation, negative distortion self-evaluation, and social comparison self-evaluation. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on the data of 205 an individual between the ages of 20 and 64 to test the stability and generalization of the factor structure in study 3, and confirmed the goodness-of-fit for three factors model. And factors showed appropriate levels of reliability estimates. In study 3, a criterion-related validity analysis confirmed Positive distortion self-evaluation was related to overt narcissism, while negative distortion self-evaluation was related to covert narcissism, depression, and anxiety. Social comparison self-evaluation was related to covert narcissism, depression, and anxiety. Finally, limitations of this study and suggestions for further studies, as well as implications for clinical use were discussed.
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