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표본양에 따른 기상장 클러스터링의 정밀도와 유사기상장 분석 모델 개발

Precision of Weather Pattern Clustering according to Sample Size and Development of Similar Weather Pattern Model

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초록

화산재의 확산은 심각한 사회적 문제를 야기한다. 화산재의 확산을 예측하기 위한 수치 분석은 시간이 걸리기 때문에 초기대응에 필요한 정보들을 제공하기에는 부적절 하다. 이 연구에서는 시나리오 기반의 대상 기상장과 과거 기상장의 유사도를 분석하여화산재 확산 정보를 제공할 수 있는 유사기상장 모델을 제안한다. 동아시아 지역 기상장을 분석하기 위하여 2005-2014년 WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting model) 데이터를 k-means 클러스터링 방법을 사용하여 분류하였다. 기상장 데이터의 수에 따른 정밀도를 확인하기 위하여 2010년 1년치 클러스터링과 2005-2014년 클러스터링 결과의 최종 클러스터와 내부 원소들 사이의 상관계수 (correlation coefficient)와 유클리드 거리 (Euclidean distance)를 측정하여 비교분석 하였다. 1년치 결과의 경우 178 m의 평균 거리와 10년치 결과에서는 52 m의 평균거리로 95% 신뢰수준에서 유의하게 차이를 보여주었다. 모델의 정밀도는 기상장 데이터의 크기와 클러스터링 단계가 증가함에 따라 높아졌고 기상장의 표준편차는 줄어들어 화산재 확산의 변동성이 감소할 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

Volcanic ash dispersion has significant social impact. Numerical modeling for predicting ash dispersion takes operation time, which may not useful for providing information to first responders. In this study, we suggest a new scenario-based approach by using Similar-Weather-Pattern (SWP) model. The model provides ash dispersion based on the similarity of the geographical pattern of meteorological fields between target date and historical periods. Several meteorological fields over the East Asian region that are produced by WRF for 2005-2014 are clustered via k-means. The precision of SWP model is shown to depend on the sample size by comparing its performance when either 1 year or 10 year data is used. The 1 year data result shows mean euclidean distance of 178 m and the 10 year data result shows 52 m with difference in 95% of confidence level. Based on the pattern correlation coefficient and Euclidean distance, we show that the model precision increases with the sample size and clustering steps.

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