대기경계층 속에 놓인 컨테이너 크레인의 풍하중에 관한 실험적 연구
Experimental Study of Wind Load on a Container Crane in Atmospheric Boundary Layers
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초록
본 연구에서는 1/150 스케일로 축소시킨 컨테이너 크레인 모델을 균일유동, 해안지역 그리고 평활지역 대기경계층 내부에 설치하고 풍하중 특성변화를 실험적으로 연구하였다. 풍하중은 7성분 밸런스를 이용하여 풍향(yaw각)을 변화시키면서 측정하였다. 항력계수와 피칭모멘트계수는 yaw각 θ=±30°와 θ=±150°부근에서 최대값을 가지며, θ=±90°부근에서 최소값을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 크레인 모델의 구조물들 사이의 강한 상호작용이 wavy한 공력계수 변화를 발생시킨 것으로 보인다. 균일유동의 경우에 비해 해안지역 대기경계층의 경우 약 14% 정도, 평활지역 대기경계층의 경우 약 20% 정도 최대풍하중이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 boom down인 조업조건에 비해 boom up시킨 경우에는 항력계수가 약 9~16% 증가하였다.
Abstract
The wind load characteristics of a container crane model were investigated experimentally. The wind load acting on the crane model was measured using a 7-component balance with varying wind direction (yaw angle). Effects of atmospheric boundary layer and boom position on wind load variation were considered in this study. The crane model was placed in a uniform flow, an open coast (n=1/10) and an open terrain (n=1/7) atmospheric boundary layer. Drag and pitching moment coefficient have maximum values at yaw angles of θ=±30°, ±150° and minimum values at θ=±90°. Strong interaction between flow and slender structure elements causes wavy variation of the aerodynamic coefficients with respect to yaw angle. The maximum wind load was reduced about 14% in case of open coast (n=1/10) and about 20% in case of open terrain (n=1/7), compared with that in a uniform flow. Drag coefficient was increased about 9~16% at boom up condition, compared with the crane of boom down.
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