실험계획법을 이용한 효과적인 방풍벽 형상 설계
The Effective Design for the Railway Wind Fence Shape Using the Design of Experiments
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초록
본 연구에서는 방풍펜스의 형상에 따라 열차에 유도되는 공력(측력, 양력)의 감소 효과를 연구하였다. 방풍펜스와 차량의 단면으로 구성된 2차원의 유동 공간에서 측풍이 유입될 때 열차에 유도되는 공력을 수치해석을 이용하여 해석하였다. 먼저 방풍펜스의 높이 변화에 따른 해석을 통해 가장 민감한 높이 범위를 설정하였다. 다음으로 방풍펜스의 높이, 방풍펜스 상부의 굽은 형상 그리고 방풍펜스와 지면과의 간극을 각 3수준의 제어인자로 직교배열표를 구성하여 해석을 수행하였다. 방풍펜스의 높이가 높아질수록 측풍의 영향은 감소하지만 일정 높이 이상에서는 측력계수와 양력계수가 더 이상 감소하지 않으므로 의미가 없다. 그리고 상부의 형상은 바람이 불어오는 방향으로 굽은 형상이 보다 효과적이며, 지면과의 간극은 방풍펜스와 열차 사이에서 강한 와류에 의한 흡입효과로 인해 차량의 주행 안정성 차원에서는 부정적인 영향이 나타냈다.
Abstract
This paper investigated on the wind fence shape design for the reduction of induced aerodynamic forces(side force, lift) from cross wind. Aerodynamic forces on a train were obtained by numerical computation on the 2-dimensional domain that contained the cross section of the wind fence and the train. First of all, the most sensitive range was obtained by the analysis as a function of the height. The variables for the optimal wind fence shape were the height from the ground, the bending direction of the upper part on the fence and the slot between the fence and the ground. And then, 3 levels orthogonal array was used to find, effectively, the relations between variables. As a result, the cross wind effects were reduced as the height was increased. But the reduction was limited in the specific range. And the bending upper shape to the windward was more effective than the leeward. However, the slot was ineffective to reduce the aerodynamic forces on the train because it induced strong vortices between the fence and the train from cross wind.
참고문헌 (13)
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