CFD를 이용한 보행자 풍환경 평가 기법의 적합성 분석
Feasibility Analysis of Pedestrian Wind Assessment using CFD
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참고문헌
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초록
최근 도시 과밀화와 건축물 고층화로 인해 빌딩풍에 의한 시설 피해는 물론 보행자의 안전을 위협하는 풍환경에 대한 우려 가 커지고 있다 . 빌딩풍 피해 저감을 위한 방안으로 건축물 주변 풍환경 평가를 통해 도시의 풍환경을 개선하는 것이 중요하다 . 이를 위해 풍동실험을 대체하거나 보완하는 수단으로 최근 전산 유체역학 기법 (CFD)의 적용이 받아들여지고 있으며 , 국토교통부가 보행 자 풍환경 평가를 위한 CFD 활용 가이드라인을 제시한 바 있다 . 본 논문에서는 이 가이드라인의 적정성을 평가하기 위한 전산해석을 수행하였다 . CFD 결과의 검증을 위해 일본 건축학회가 제시한 모형과 풍동실험 결과를 사용하였다 . 평가결과 일부 위치에서 풍동 실 험값과 CFD 결과의 풍속 차이는 있으나 격자의 상세도가 정확도에 미치는 영향과 CFD를 이용한 보행자 풍환경 평가 가능성을 확인 하였다 . 또한 , 건물 주위의 상승풍 , 하강풍 및 와류 등으로 인한 돌풍이 잘 모사되고 있음을 확인하였다 .
Abstract
Recently, due to increased urbanization with high-rise buildings, there are growing concerns about the wind environment that threatens the safety of pedestrians as well as facility damage caused by the building wind. In order to reduce building wind damage, it is important to improve the wind environment of the urban environment by applying preemptive measures through the evaluation of the wind environment around buildings. Besides conventional wind tunnel tests, CFD has recently been accepted an alternative or a supplementary tool for the assessment of wind environment on the pedestrian level. As one of the practice in the field, MOLIT recently proposed Wind Environment Evaluation Guidelines Using CFD Analysis Techniques. This paper presents a computational study to confirm the feasibility of the pedestrian wind environment evaluation method using CFD based on the guideline. To verify the results of CFD, models and wind tunnel experiment data by provided by Architectual Institute of Japan were employed. Various grid configurations and numerical methods as well as varied wind directions were applied. The comparison between experimental data and the present results show that the grid refinement improves the accuracy and the pedestrian wind can be assessed by using CFD in spite of some deficit and room for improvements. More importantly, the gusts caused by the upwind and downwind in upwind region of the building, and vortex around the building were well simulated.
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