B형 간염백신 접종 후 항체형성률과 역가
The Positive Rates of Anti-HBs and Titer after Hepatitis B Vaccination
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B형 간염에 대한 치료제가 개발되지 않은 현실에서 B형 간염백신 예방접종은 매우 중요하다. 우리나라는 1983년부터 국가차원의 B형 간염백신 예방접종을 시작하였는데 1995년에 영유아를 대상으로 간염백신 접종을 정기예방접종 항목으로 도입하였다. 현재 우리나라의 20대 대학생들은 신생아 정기 예방접종 시작 전후에 태어난 세대인데 영유아기에 접종 받은 후 20여년이 경과되었다. 영유아를 대상으로 국가차원의 B형 간염 정기예방 접종 시작 후 장시간이 경과한 현 시점에서 B형 항체 보유율과 역가에 대한 조사는 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 20대 대학생들의 B형 간염항체 양성률과 역가를 조사하여 그 결과를 보고하고자 하였으며 연구대상은 2014년 4월부터 2014년 10월까지 경남 소재 대학의 대학생 262명을 대상으로 하였고 추가접종자는 제외하였다. 간염항체의 양성판정은 10 mIU/mL이상으로 정하였다. 연구결과, B형 간염 항체의 양성률은 55.3%(145명)이었고 음성률은 44.7%(117명)이었다. 성별에 따라 양성률을 분류했을 때 여자는 57.9%(88명), 남자는 51.8%(57명)로 여자가 남자보다 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 양성으로 판명된 연구대상자의 62%가 역가의 하한선인 10-99.9 mIU/mL의 낮은 역가를 나타냈다. 소아시기에 접종 후 일정 기간이 지나면 항체 확인 검사를 하고 국가차원에서 추가접종을 하도록 독려해야 할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus vaccination has been effective in Korea since 1983. HBV Vaccination led to the result that the rate of hepatitis decreased to the 5% level as of now. However, many researches reported that the titer in anti-HBs decreased as time goes by. The purpose of this study was to survey the anti-HBs positivity and titer of antibody in student at the present time that 20 years passed after beginning the Hepatitis B vaccination in the national dimension targeting infants in 1995. The research subjects were 262 students at a university where is located in Gyeongnam province from April 2014 to October 2014. The positive rate of anti-HBs was 55.3%(145 people) and the negative rate of anti-HBs was 44.7%(117 people). Positivity was shown to be higher in women than men. However, there was no statistically significant difference. The result of analyzing the antibody titer was indicated to be 44.7%(117 people) in less than 9.9 mIU/mL, which was judged to be negative, 47.8%(123 people) in 10-499.9 mIU/mL as the titer of being judged to be positive, and 7.5%(22 people) in more than 500 mIU/mL. The rate of ant-HBs with lower titer(10-99.9 mIU/mL) was 62%. Classifying the antibody titer according to age, the negativity in titer with less than 9.9 mIU/mL was indicated to be 52.1% in case of 19-20 years old and 32.8% in 20-21 years old, 31.3% in 22-24 years old. A case of the titer with 10-99.9mIU/mL, which is classified as positivity, showed significant difference according to age. As a result of research, the antibody titer is decreased depending on the passage of time. Hence, a test of checking anti-HBs is needed after Hepatitis B vaccination and carrying out booster injection is considered to be very important.
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