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창업기업의 기업가정신과 창업역량이 경쟁우위와 기업성과에 미치는 영향

The Influence of Entrepreneurship and Startups' Competences on Competitive Advantage and Startups' Performance

장명균
한국전문경영인학회|2019.04|전문경영인연구 (Journal of CEO and Management Studies)|제22권 제1호|pp. 207-228

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참고문헌

키워드

기업가정신Entrepreneurship창업역량Competitive Advantage창업기업Startup경쟁우위Ambidextrous StrategyEntrepreneurial Competence양손전략

초록

뉴노멀(New noramal)로 대변되는 세계적 저성장의 장기화와 제 4차 산업혁명의 파고는일반기업 뿐만 아니라 창업기업에게도 기존과 다른 새로운 생존전략을 요구하고 있다. 이에 주요 선진국들 뿐 만 아니라 국내에서도 이를 넘어설 열쇠를 민간의 혁신을 바탕으로 한 창업의 활성에서 찾고 있으며 이에 새 정부 또는 “창업과 혁신성장”이라는 정책과제도화를 통해 이를 신속히 대처해 나아가고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내창업기업이 창업 후 3년 내 죽음의 계곡(Death Valley)을 넘지 못하는 태생적 한계를벗어나 지속적인 성장을 이끌어 갈 수 있도록 반드시 필요한 창업가의 기업가정신(Entrepreneurship)과 기업의 보유자원과 역량(마케팅역량, 네트워크 역량)들이 균형있게 발휘될 때, 경쟁우위를 창출할 수 있으며 궁극적으로 창업성과로 이어질 수 있음을규명하였다. 이에 국내 창업지원기관의 협조를 받아 170개의 설문자료를 수집하였고 그중 164개의 유효자료를 바탕으로 연구모형 개발하고 이에 실증분석을 진행하였다. 실증결과, 가설로 설정되었던 기업가정신과 창업기업의 보유역량간의 긍정적인 인과관계가 있음을 규명하였으며, 기업의 역량들은 경쟁우위를 창출하고 나아가 창업성과에 긍정적인영향을 미치는 것으로 모든 가설은 채택되었으며, 이에 실증결과를 바탕으로 학술적/실무적 시사점을 제시하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find out what entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial competency are needed for Korean entrepreneurs to be able to lead continuous growth beyond the inherent limit that can not exceed the Death Valley. Most researchers emphasize that what are most important factors in the survival of entrepreneurs are both entrepreneurship and how they use their capabilities. In fact that entrepreneurship strengthens the competitiveness for startups when they utilize entrepreneurship and their resources. Based on existing literatures, my research model was designed to not only the role of entrepreneurship but also the ability of utilizing their capabilities, ultimately have a positive impact on their performance. In other words, my research model consisted of five constructs and established five hypotheses accordingly. In order to investigate research model, I collected 170 data were collected by Korea start-up supporting organizations and 164 of them, excluding 6 insincere responses, were conducted for empirical analysis. To demonstrate my research model, I conducted a statistical analysis using SPSS and AMOS. Hypothesis verification results are as follows. The first and second hypothesis were supported that entrepreneurship enhances a company's marketing capabilities and network capabilities. In addition, it has been proven that the two capabilities of a company have a positive effect on building a competitive advantage. Also it verified that competitive advantages of startups have a positive impact on start-ups' performance ultimately.

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