Motivation and Transitivity: the Problem of the Intransitive in Kiswahili Bantu
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Amidu, Assibi A. 2010. Motivation and Transitivity: the Problem of the Intransitive in Kiswahili Bantu. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal. 18(4). 1-26. Transitivity is generally assumed to be a binary system of contrast between transitive and intransitive. The former is sub-divided into transitive versus ditransitive. An intransitive has no object or complement NP. A transitive has one object NP and a ditransitive has more than one object NP. In reality, some predicate verbs function in both transitive and intransitive predication sentences (Pn-Ss). For some scholars, therefore, predicate verbs are not transitive or intransitive. It is their Pn-Ss that have transitivity. Intransitive Pn-Ss are often described as S constructions, while transitive ones are usually said to be A ("subject") and P ("object") constructions. Our study will illustrate how so-called unergative and ergative S clauses are not intrinsic and exclusive intransitive or S types. That is, in Kiswahili Bantu, predicate verbs, such as -ja 'come', that are usually treated as intransitive or S predicates in languages also function in transitive Pn-Ss. If every S predicate potentially also functions in transitive Pn-Ss, then it is difficult to maintain that an intrinsic intransitive type exists in the language. We conclude that the choices in Kiswahili Bantu do not support a universal treatment of predicates as either A and P or S types.
Abstract
Amidu, Assibi A. 2010. Motivation and Transitivity: the Problem of the Intransitive in Kiswahili Bantu. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal. 18(4). 1-26. Transitivity is generally assumed to be a binary system of contrast between transitive and intransitive. The former is sub-divided into transitive versus ditransitive. An intransitive has no object or complement NP. A transitive has one object NP and a ditransitive has more than one object NP. In reality, some predicate verbs function in both transitive and intransitive predication sentences (Pn-Ss). For some scholars, therefore, predicate verbs are not transitive or intransitive. It is their Pn-Ss that have transitivity. Intransitive Pn-Ss are often described as S constructions, while transitive ones are usually said to be A ("subject") and P ("object") constructions. Our study will illustrate how so-called unergative and ergative S clauses are not intrinsic and exclusive intransitive or S types. That is, in Kiswahili Bantu, predicate verbs, such as -ja 'come', that are usually treated as intransitive or S predicates in languages also function in transitive Pn-Ss. If every S predicate potentially also functions in transitive Pn-Ss, then it is difficult to maintain that an intrinsic intransitive type exists in the language. We conclude that the choices in Kiswahili Bantu do not support a universal treatment of predicates as either A and P or S types.
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