Remarks on Agreements in Kiswahili Possessive NPs
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Kiswahili has preposition roots (P-roots), such as {a} ‘of', {enye} ‘having’ and {enye na} ‘having with' which, inter alia, construct possessives. (a) M-toto w-a mw-alimu ‘Cl. 1-child Cl. 1-of Cl. 1-teacher, i.e. teacher's child' is a possessive. It has mtoto as the possessed NP. Its agreement marker {w} is prefixed on the following preposition (P) wa ‘of', whose P-root is {a}. P wa ‘of' is followed by a complement mwalimu ‘teacher', the possessor. (b) M-toto w-a-ke mw-alimu ‘Cl. 1-child of-him/his Cl. 1-teacher, i.e. teacher's child' is called the full pronominal possessive because its P wake ‘his' has the 3rd person singular possessor pronoun agreement marker {ke}. Thus, to signal the possessive, a noun agrees with a nominal P that takes an object N, ±agreement in P. We divide possessive NPs into minimal and maximal types. We point out that whereas the minimal type does not take possessor pronoun agreement, the maximal type can do so. We highlight the relationship of the agreements between prepositions and their Ns in possessive NPs, and reveal that the possessive is not an adjective in Kiswahili.
Abstract
Kiswahili has preposition roots (P-roots), such as {a} ‘of', {enye} ‘having’ and {enye na} ‘having with' which, inter alia, construct possessives. (a) M-toto w-a mw-alimu ‘Cl. 1-child Cl. 1-of Cl. 1-teacher, i.e. teacher's child' is a possessive. It has mtoto as the possessed NP. Its agreement marker {w} is prefixed on the following preposition (P) wa ‘of', whose P-root is {a}. P wa ‘of' is followed by a complement mwalimu ‘teacher', the possessor. (b) M-toto w-a-ke mw-alimu ‘Cl. 1-child of-him/his Cl. 1-teacher, i.e. teacher's child' is called the full pronominal possessive because its P wake ‘his' has the 3rd person singular possessor pronoun agreement marker {ke}. Thus, to signal the possessive, a noun agrees with a nominal P that takes an object N, ±agreement in P. We divide possessive NPs into minimal and maximal types. We point out that whereas the minimal type does not take possessor pronoun agreement, the maximal type can do so. We highlight the relationship of the agreements between prepositions and their Ns in possessive NPs, and reveal that the possessive is not an adjective in Kiswahili.
참고문헌 (11)
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