국내거주 탈북 여성의 배우자폭력 피해 신고에 미치는 영향요인에 대한 연구
An Analysis of the Factors Related to Victim Decisions to Report Intimate Partner Violence among Female North Korean Defectors Living in South Korea
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초록
가정폭력의 문제가 사회적으로 심각성을 나타내고 있는 가운데, 국내 거주 탈북 여성의배우자폭력 피해 또한 일부 논의되고 있으나 논의 빈도가 낮아 문제의 본질을 파악하기 어려운 실정이다. 특히 국내 거주 탈북 여성들은 국내에서의 사회・문화적 적응 어려움 등의 특수한 상황이 배우자폭력 피해와 대응에 영향을 미칠 수 있어 이에 대한 관심이 필요하다. 본 연구는 가정폭력 중에서도 아내가 피해자인 아내폭력에 대한 개념과 현황을 검토하고 국내거주 탈북 여성의 가정 내 폭력 피해자가 신고를 결정하는 요인에 관한 기존 연구들을 살펴보았다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 여성가족부가 수집한 전국가정폭력실태조사 자료를 활용하여 국내거주 탈북 여성이 아내폭력 피해 시 기관이나 경찰에 피해 사실을 신고하는데 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 통계적 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 사회・문화적 관계성 항목보다 아내폭력의 빈도와 자녀유무가 피해 신고에 영향을 미치는 주요 원인으로 나타나 국내거주 탈북여성 아내폭력 피해에 대한 역학관계에 시사점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
Partner violence towards women is a serious social problem in South Korea. In particular, statistics suggest that North Korean women residing in South Korea experience higher rates of intimate partner violence compared to South Korean women. Nevertheless, the academic literature on this issue is still very scarce. The current study attempted to investigate the risk and protective factors associated with the decision of female North Korean defectors to report an intimate partner violence incident to the police. To determine the significant factors, binary logistic regression model was used to analyze data from the 2010 National Survey of Domestic Violence collected by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family. Separate logistic regressions analyses were performed to determine the impact of different types of intimate partner violence (psychological violence, physical violence, sexual violence, total intimate partner violence) on the decision to contact the police. Findings reveal that the likelihood that female North Korean defectors report intimate partner violence victimization to the police increases significantly with the frequency of incidents (for all types of intimate partner violence) and if women do not have children.
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