От «чудака» к «чудику»: Рассказ М. Горького «Озорник» в прочтении В. Шукшина

Abstract

There is rather vast literature about Vasiliy Shukshin’s reception of the images by M. Gorkiy and about the links of “weird people” by V. Shukshin with the characters of the prose by M. Gorkiy. The articles by S. Gimpel, N. Osipova, L. Yevstignejeva and S. Kozlova are dedicated to this theme. Great attention is paid to linguistic observations, bold suppositions are made about the influence of some definite texts by M. Gorkiy on Shukshin. All scientific observations have been based on the material of mature stories by Shukshin, however, because of the lack of the appropriate material, the writer’s early works practically have not been considered, but there, in particular, it is possible to find the sources of Shukshin’s turning to the images and characters by Gorkiy. The aim of our article is the consideration of the earliest, still unskilled stage of Shukshin’s works – particularly his first years of studying at Institute of Cinematography. Moreover, in this article an unknown text by V. Shukshin is introduced. The author of the article is publishing the text of the producer working out (explication) of the story “Ozornik” by M. Gorkiy. The text of the producer explication of the story by M. Gorkiy has not been known so far, and it has been kept in the personal J. Zhigalko’s archives, so this early, still unskilled secondary work by Vasiliy Shukshin has been out of the readers’ sight and scientific consideration. Nevertheless, “Ozornik” by Shukshin is to some extent an important link in Shukshin’s poetics, just being formed, but many themes, motives and images of this obligatory student composition will transform into mature stories and narratives of the prosewriter and become unseparable elements of his aesthetic construction. The unadapted text by Shukshin (dated back by us to 1955–1956) is published according to the manuscript, being kept in J. Zhigalko’s archives in Moscow, in accordance with the rules of orthography and punctuation.