동양하루살이 알을 이용한 산업폐수 생태독성평가
Ecotoxicological Test on Various Industrial Effluent Using Mayfly Egg, Ephemera orientalis
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초록
국내 토착종을 이용한 생태독성평가시험법 개발을 위해동양하루살이 알을 이용하여 다양한 종류의 공장 폐수를 대상으로 생태독성평가를 수행하였다. 산업폐수는 2006년 6월에 농약, 도금, PCB, 피혁1, 피혁2의 총 5가지 제조업체로부터 원수 및 배출수를 각각 채취하였으며, 원수와 배출수는각각 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.3, 3.1, 0%의 7가지 농도가 되도록증류수로 희석하여 시험용액을 준비했다. 동양하루살이 알을 각 시험용액에 20개 씩 분주하여 20℃, 광도 2,000 lux 이상의 16L : 8D 광주기로 설정된 인큐베이터 내에서 14일간노출을 진행하였고 반복수는 4회였다. 폐수 종류별로 반수부화농도인 EHC50 값은 Probit 분석으로 추정하였다. 각 폐수별 원수의 EHC50은 PCB를 제외한 모든 종류의 폐수에서 3.1% 미만으로 생태독성이 매우 높게 나왔으며, 배출수의 EHC50은 피혁2가 7.3%로 독성이 가장 높은 반면 농약이 58%로 독성이 가장 낮게 나왔다.
Abstract
We developed a new ecotoxicological test method using native test species, eggs of Ephemera orientalis, and five kinds of industrial wastewater were tested to validate the test method. The water samples were collected in Jun 2006 from the following industries: pesticide, metal plating, PCB, leather1, and leather2. Wastewater and effluent were diluted by distilled water, respectively, to prepare various concentrations, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.3, 3.1, and 0%. For the egg bioassay, 20 freshly laid eggs (<24 h old) were exposed to test solutions in a Petri dish (52×12 mm) at 20℃ with photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h dark for 14 days. The median egg hatching concentrations (EHC50) were estimated using Probit analysis. All EHC50s of wastewater were less than 3.1%, which meant very high ecotoxicity except for the wastewater of PCB industry having 6.1% of EHC50. Among the effluents, the least toxic effluent was from pesticide industry having 58% of EHC50, while the effluent of leather2 was the most toxic having 7.3% of EHC50.
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