광주기에 따른 비단털쥐 (Mammalia: Rodentia: Cricetidae) 암컷의 발정주기 변화
Estrus Cycles of the Female Tscherskia triton (Mammalia: Rodentia: Cricetidae) according to the Photoperiod
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비단털쥐 (Tscherskia triton)는 중국 북부와 한국, 극동러시아 지역 등 국한된 지역에 분포하며, 번식, 성장과 발달 및 분포에 관한 정보는 알려져 있으나 발정주기와 생식기관에 관한 번식생물학적 연구는 거의 연구된 바 없다. 이에 본 연구는 제주도에서 포획된 개체를 사육하면서 광주기에 따른 암컷 비단털쥐의 생식주기 및 생식기관의 특징을 밝혀 비단 털쥐의 번식생물학적 정보를 제공하고자 진행하였다. 연구 결과, 평소 사육환경 (16L : 8D)에서의 비단털쥐 발정주기는 4~5일이었고, 발정 단계는 발정전기, 발정기, 발정후기, 발정 휴지기의 4단계로 구분되었다. 광주기 8L : 16D 환경에서 비 단털쥐의 발정주기는 6~12일째부터 발정휴지기 상태가 계속 유지되었다. 광주기에 따른 비단털쥐 생식기관의 조직도 차이를 보였다. 16L : 8D 경우에는 발달된 난소 내에 다수의 성숙 난포와 황체가 관찰되었고, 자궁내막도 두껍고 분비샘도 잘 발달되어 있었으나 8L : 16D 조건에서는 원시난포와 제2차, 3차 난모세포가 관찰되고 얇은 자궁내막과 발달되지 않는 자궁분비샘을 확인하였다. 이에 따라 광주기에 따른 비 단털쥐의 생식주기 변화와 난소와 자궁의 조직학적 차이를 확인하였다. 이 결과는 비단털쥐의 번식생물학적 측면에서 매우 중요한 단서가 되는 자료이기에 생물종 다양성 유지를 위한 자료로 널리 활용될 것이라 판단된다.
Abstract
Tscherskia triton is widely distributed in Northern China, Korea, and the adjacent areas of Russia. Except its distribution, reproduction, and growth development related to life history, reproductive cycle and reproductive organs of T. triton are rarely studied in Korea. The purpose of this study was characterized the estrous cycle of T. triton captured in Jeju Island in order to provide information to a better information of captive breeding of the species when long-day (16L : 8D) and short-day (8L : 16D) photoperiod. Then, histological study of the ovaries and uterus with five females in each photoperiod was performed. The duration of the estrus cycle was 4~5 days and it showed regular cycle pattern. Results of the vaginal cytology examination showed four characteristic phase of the estrous cycle in long-day photoperiod (16L : 8D): proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus. However, in short-day photoperiod, the diestrus phage of the estrus cycle was maintained from the 6th to 12th day. In the long-day photoperiod, females had many Graafian follicles and corpus luteums in large ovaries, and developed uterine glands in the thick endometrium. But they had some primary, secondary and tertiary follicles, and undeveloped uterine glands in the thin endometrium during short-day photoperiod. These results were identified difference of the estrus cycle and histological characteristics of reproductive tracts according to the photoperiod. These results are very important clues to the reproductive biology of T. triton, and it will be widely used as date for maintaining biodiversity.
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