거친대추멍게(Ascidiella aspersa: Ascidiacea, Phlebobranchia, Ascidiidae)의 알 발육에 미치는 수온과 염도의 영향
Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Egg Development of Ascidiella aspersa (Ascidiacea, Phlebobranchia, Ascidiidae)
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본 연구는 거친대추멍게(Ascidiella aspersa)의 알 발육과 유생 부착에 미치는 수온과 염도의 영향을 파악하고자 실시하였다. 거친대추멍게 알 발육과 유생 부착 실험은 12개의 수온 조건(6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28°C)과 2개의 염도 조건 (30, 34 psu)에서 진행하였다. 거친대추멍게 알의 부화율과 발육률은 염도에 관계없이 수온이 높아짐에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 최적 수온 범위 이후 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 부화 및 발육을 위한 최적 수온은 20~22°C의 범위를 보였다. 저온발육임계수온은 30 psu와 34 psu에서 각각 1.5°C와 1.8°C로 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 부착률은 염도에 관계없이 16~22°C의 최적 수온 범위를 보였으며 부착시간은 수온이 증가함에 따라 지속적으로 증가하였다. 결과적으로 거친대추멍게의 최적 발육 및 생존 수온은 염도 조건에 관계없이 20~22°C 범위를 보였다. 본 연구결과는 국내 양식장에서의 거친대추멍게에 의한 경제적 피해가 증가하고 있는 시점에서 거친대추멍게의 분포 및 발생시기를 예측하고 확산 방지 및 방제 방안을 구축하는 데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effects of water temperature and salinity on the egg development and larval attachment of Ascidiella aspersa. The egg development and larval attachment were examined in 12 different water temperatures (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 and 28°C) and two salinity conditions (30 and 34 psu). The hatching and developmental rates of A. aspersa showed a tendency to increase with increasing water temperature regardless of salinity and to decrease after the optimal water temperature range. The optimal water temperatures for the hatching and development of egg of A. aspersa were in the range of 20-22°C. The low threshold water temperature was not different between 1.5 and 1.8°C at 30 and 34 psu, respectively. The attachment rate showed the optimal water temperature range of 16-22°C irrespective of the salinity and the attachment time increased continuously with increasing water temperature. Experimental results showed that optimum development and survival temperature of the egg and larvae of A. aspersa were in the range of 20-22°C regardless of the salinity conditions. The results can be used to predict the distribution and occurrence of A. aspersa, and to prevent economic damages caused by its spread.
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