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한국산 도롱뇽 3종 거제도롱뇽, 숨은의령도롱뇽, 꼬마도롱뇽의 성별, 시기 그리고 서식지에 따른 크기 다양성 연구

Study on size diversity according to the sex, period, and habitat of three new Korean Hynobius salamanders: Hynobius geojeensis, H. perplicatus, and H. unisacculus

장이권|구교성|정유정
한국환경생물학회 (Korean Society Of Environmental Biology)|2023.12|환경생물 (Korean Journal of Environmental Biology)|제41권 제4호|pp. 557-569

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키워드

South KoreaAmphibianspecies identificationCaudataHynobiidae

초록

양서류는 세계적으로 가장 빠르게 감소하고 있는 생물그룹으로 전체 약 41%가 멸종위기에 처해 있다. 이러한 세계적인 추세와는 달리 한국의 양서류는 지난 20년간 약 53.3%가 증가했으며, Hynobius속 내 도롱뇽의 경우, 2종에서 7종으로 3배 이상 증가했다. 하지만, 현재까지 Hynobius속 내 종들의 형태적 그리고 생태적 특징은 종 간에 뚜렷한 차이가 확인되고 있지 않아 전문가도 동정하기 어려워 큰 혼란이 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 최근 신종으로 기재된 거제도롱뇽 (Hynobius geojeensis), 숨은의령도롱뇽 (H. perplicatus), 꼬마도롱뇽 (H. unisacculus) 3종을 대상으로 종기재 당시 주요하게 고려되었던 크기 형질이 종의 지위를 구분하는 데 있어서 타당한 기준이었는지를 규명하고 자 하였다. 연구 결과, 성별, 시기, 서식지 환경에 따라 크기 형질에서 유의미한 차이가 있었으며, 종 간 그리고 종내 모두에서 확인되었다. 이런 크기 형질에서의 차이는 신종 도롱뇽을 구분하는데, 오류를 발생시킬 가능성이 있기 때문에 종을 구분하는 기준으로는 적합하지 않다고 판단된다. 따라서 크기를 이용한 종 동정은 현장에서 큰 혼란을 야기할 뿐만 아니라 추후 Hynobius 도롱뇽 연구의 접근성자체를 제한하는 요소가 될 가능성이 크다.

Abstract

Amphibians are the world's most threatened group of animals, with approximately 41% facing extinction. Contrary to this global trend, the number of amphibian species in Korea has increased by approximately 53.3% over the past 20 years. In particular, salamanders within the genus Hynobius showed even greater diversity, with the number increasing three-fold from two species to seven. However, morphological and ecological traits required for the clear differentiation of these animals are yet to be determined, leading to much confusion. In this study, we investigated the validity of using size traits for species identification, as this method is currently considered a rule of thumb when differentiating Geoje salamanders (Hynobius geojeensis), cryptic Uiryeong salamanders (H. perplicatus), and Korean small salamanders (H. unisacculus). Our study revealed that sex, study period, and habitat were all factors associated with significant differences in snout-vent length, head width, and body weight. Differences in these size traits were evident both between and within species. Our results show that body size traits applied in the recent classification of the three new salamander species could not be seen as a suitable criterion. Such identification methods based solely on body size not only cause great confusion in the field but will also limit future research on Korean Hynobius salamanders.

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