일본잎갈나무림 친환경벌채지의 산림군집구조
Forest community structure of aggregated retention harvest for Larix kaempferi
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초록
본 연구에서는 우리나라 주요 조림수종인 일본잎갈나무 친환경벌채지를 대상으로 선정하여, 해당 조사지를 처리유형별(벌채지, 산림영향권, 군상잔존구, 수림대, 대조구)로 구분하였다. 이를 바탕으로 군집생태학적 연구를 통해 일본잎갈나무 친환경벌채지의 산림군집구조를 밝히고자 하였다. 중요치 분석을 통해 군상잔존구와 수림대는 교목층과 아교목층이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 생물다양성 보존 측면에 효과 있는 계층구조를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났으나 초본층에서는 벌채지와 산림영향권과 동일하게 덩굴성식물의 중요치가 높게 나타나 본 처리구역에서는 벌채지와 산림영향권에 조림된 일본잎갈나무 조림목에 성장에 저해되는 덩굴제거와 같은 시업이 존치된 교목에도 적용하는 보존 측면의 관리가 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 종다양도는 모든 처리유형에서 높게 나타났는데 친환경벌채 후 초기 상태에서의 종다양도는 일시적 교란에 의해 다소 높게 나타난 것으로 사료되었다. Sørensen의 유사계수와 더불어 처리유형별 거리를 정량적으로 확인해 보고자 DCA 분석을 실시한 결과 벌채지와 산림영향권은 양 축을 기준으로 하여 밀집하는 경향이 나타났고, 군상잔존구, 수림대, 대조구가 밀집하는 경향으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 단발성 조사에 의한 연구 결과로 친환경벌채에 대하여 보다 정확히 판단하려면 장기적인 모니터링이 필수적으로 수행되어야 한다고 판단되었다. 또한 앞으로 장기적인 모니터링을 진행함으로써 친환경벌채의 메커니즘을 이해하고 미래의 생태계 구조변화를 평가하기 위한 정책적 기준 마련이 반드시 필요할 것으로 사료되었다.
Abstract
This study aimed to provide ecological information by identifying the stand characteristics of Larix kaempferi forest vegetation (deforestation, forest influence, patch, forest) for aggregated retention harvest in Mt. Nambyeongsan, Pyeongchang-Gun. Data were collected using the Braun-Blanquet vegetation survey method from July 2020, with 54 quadrats analyzed for importance value, species diversity, similarity index, and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). The results showed that vine species had a higher importance value in the deforestation area and forest influence area. Forest regions had the highest species diversity (2.419), while the forest influence area had the lowest (2.171). The similarity index was highest between the forest region and patch area (0.723), and lowest between the patch area and forest influence area (0.658), which was consistent with the DCA results. In conclusion, although species diversity temporarily showed higher values in the initial stage after aggregated retention harvest, it was difficult to assign ecologically specific meanings to these values. Long-term monitoring is therefore necessary to accumulate ecological information on aggregated retention harvests.
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