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Coloring links by the symmetric group of degree three

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We consider the number of colors for colorings of links by the symmetric group $S_3$ of degree $3$. For knots, such a coloring corresponds to a Fox 3-coloring, and thus the number of colors must be 1 or 3. However, for links, there are colorings by $S_3$ with 4 or 5 colors. In this paper, we show that if a 2-bridge link admits a coloring by $S_3$ with 5 colors, then the link also admits such a coloring with only 4 colors.

Abstract

We consider the number of colors for colorings of links by the symmetric group $S_3$ of degree $3$. For knots, such a coloring corresponds to a Fox 3-coloring, and thus the number of colors must be 1 or 3. However, for links, there are colorings by $S_3$ with 4 or 5 colors. In this paper, we show that if a 2-bridge link admits a coloring by $S_3$ with 5 colors, then the link also admits such a coloring with only 4 colors.

참고문헌 (7)

  1. R. H. Crowell, "Introduction to Knot Theory, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, No. 57" (1977), Springer
  2. L. H. Kauffman, "Determinants of rational knots", Discrete Math. Theor. Comput. Sci, 11(2), pp.111~122 (2009)
  3. A. Kawauchi, "A Survey of Knot Theory" (1996), Birkh¨auser Verlag
  4. E. Matsudo, "Minimal coloring number for Z-colorable links II", J. Knot Theory Ramifications, 28(7), pp.1950047~1950053 (2019)[DOI]
  5. K. Murasugi, "Knot Theory and Its Applications" (1996), Birkh¨auser Boston, Inc
  6. S. Satoh, "5-colored knot diagram with four colors", Osaka J. Math, 46(4), pp.939~948 (2009)[DOI]
  7. M. Zhang, "The minimal coloring number of any non-splittable Z-colorable link is four", J. Knot Theory Ramifications, 26(13), pp.1750084~1750101 (2017)[DOI]

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