듀이의 학습자 중심 교육과정의 구성원리

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the principle of John Dewey's learner-centered curriculum construction. While Dewey used child, but this study use learner-centered instead of child-centered because the meaning of child restricted as elementary school students. The key concepts of Dewey's learner-centered curriculum are represented here as the following categories of his educational ideas: ① the nature of learner-centered curriculum, ② intrinsic purposes instead of external goals and objectives, ③ integrity of educational experiences and the nature of subject-matter teaching, ④ unity of subject matter and method. First, curriculum has to select and manage to focus on the experience and life of learner. In the case of take a serious view of learner's experience, learner can continuously grow as Dewey's aims in education. Second, teachers and students have to take part in the process of making of aims in education. Dewey emphasized the vice of externally imposed aims which restrict the intelligence of teachers and students. Third, subject matter has to organized the contents which are match with the social life of students. And there are three stage of the development of subject matter: play and work, geography and history, and science. Forth, Dewey emphasized the unity of subject matter and method. He criticized the idea which is subject matter and method are separate, because it is the result of dualism. And there are four attitudes which are central in effective intellectual ways of dealing with subject matter: directness, open-mindedness, single-mindedness(or whole-heartedness), and responsibility.