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고분자 전해질 연료전지 및 수전해용 촉매층의 이오노머 바인더

Ionomer Binder in Catalyst Layer for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Water Electrolysis: An Undated Review

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주제분류화학

초록

높은 에너지 밀도와 고순도 수소 생산의 측면에서 고분자 전해질 연료전지와 수전해가 주목받고있다. 고분자 전해질 연료전지 및 수전해를 위한 촉매층은 귀금속 계열의 전기 촉매와 이오노머바인더로 구성되어 있는 다공성 전극이다. 이 중 이오노머 바인더는 촉매층 내 이온 전도를 위한 3차원 네트워크 형성과 전극 반응에 필요한 또는 생성되는 물질들의 이동을 위한 기공 형성에 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 상용 과불소계 이오노머의 활용 측면에서 이오노머의 함량, 이오노머의 물성, 그리고 이를 분산시킬 분산 매체에 촉매층의 성능 및 내구성이 크게 달라진다. 현재까지 고분자 전해질 연료전지용 촉매층을 위한 이오노머의 활용 방법은 많은 연구가 진행되어왔으나 고분자 전해질 수전해 적용 방면에서는 촉매층 연구가 다소 미비한 실정이다. 본 총설에서는 현재까지 보고된 연료전지 측면에서의 이오노머 바인더 활용 연구결과를 요약하였으며, 수소경제 시대의 가속화를 위해서 고분자 전해질 수전해 핵심요소 중 하나인 촉매층용 이오노머 바인더에 관한 연구에 유용한 정보를 제공하고자 한다.

Abstract

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells and water electrolysis are attracting attention in terms of high energy density and high purity hydrogen production. The catalyst layer for the polymer electrolyte fuel cell and water electrolysis is a porous electrode composed of a precious metalbased electrocatalyst and an ionomer binder. Among them, the ionomer binder plays an important role in the formation of a three-dimensional network for ion conduction in the catalyst layer and the formation of pores for the movement of materials required or generated for the electrode reaction. In terms of the use of commercial perfluorinated ionomers, the content of the ionomer, the physical properties of the ionomer, and the type of the dispersing solvent system greatly determine the performance and durability of the catalyst layer. Until now, many studies have been reported on the method of using an ionomer for the catalyst layer for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. This review summarizes the research results on the use of ionomer binders in the fuel cell aspect reported so far, and aims to provide useful information for the research on the ionomer binder for the catalyst layer, which is one of the key elements of polymer electrolyte water electrolysis to accelerate the hydrogen economy era.

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