자백자발성 판단에 대한 용의자의 외현적 정서와 기록매체의 효과: 예비연구
The Effects of Suspect's Emotional Demeanor(active v. passive) and Record Medium (audio or video) on the Voluntariness Judgment: A Preliminary Study
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본 연구는 자백의 자발성 판단에 대하여 자백하는 용의자의 외현적 정서(적극 v. 소극)와 기록매체(녹화 v. 녹음)의 종류가 가지는 효과를 검증하였다. 동일한 자백시나리오를 용의자의 외현적 정서 상태를 달리하여 두 편의 자백동영상을 제작하였다. 동영상에서 자백하는 용의자의 행동적이고 감정적인 요소들이 자백자발성 판단을 좌우할 수 있는 가능성을 발견하였다. 또한 음성만 녹음된 자백을 청취한 참가자들이, 자백이 녹화된 동영상을 본 참가자들 보다 용의자의 자백을 더 자발적인 것으로 판단하는 경향이 있었고, 또 그 판단에 대한 확신감도 높은 경향이 있었는데, 이런 결과는 녹화된 자백의 자발성 판단에 대한 카메라 관점 편파와는 다른 유형의 편파가 녹음된 자백의 자발성 판단에 개입될 수 있는 가능성을 시사했다.
Abstract
The present research investigated the effects of suspet's demeanor and the type of record medium on the voluntariness judgments. It was suggested that the behavioral and emotional demeanors of the suspect confessing on the video could influence the voluntariness judgment. The suspect who appeared as relatively active in confessing tended to be judged as more voluntary than the same suspect who appeared as relatively passive on the video. In addition, it was also found that the subjects in the audio condition tended to judge the confession as more voluntary and be more confident in their judgments than did the subjects in the video condition. This result implied a possibility that audio-taped confession may also have a potential for bias in voluntariness judgment.
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