생물학자와 고등학생의 생물학 가설 생성에서 나타나는 두뇌 활성 : fMRI 연구
Patterns of Biologists' and High School Students' Brain Activations in the Generation of Biological Hypotheses : An fMRI Study
0
조회
0
다운로드
18
인용
0
참고문헌
초록
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the biologists' and high school students' brain activation patterns in the generation of scientific hypotheses on biological phenomena. Eight right-handed healthy biologists and 8 right-handed healthy general high school students volunteered to be participants in the present study. Stimuli within the hypothesis generation tasks were presented in a block design for the fMRI-scanning. The BOLD signals of the participants' brain were measured by 3.0T fMRI system and data were analyzed using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM2). According to the results, the occipito-parietal pathway was activated in both groups. However, the significant and unique activations in the biologist group were mainly observed in the left prefrontal cortex (middle frontal gyrus; BA 9), which is presumably related to simple declarative memory encoding or retrieval. By contrast, high school students showed a significant activation in left SMA (BA 6)-right cerebellum circuit-, left FEF region (BA 8) and bilateral fusiform gyrus (BA 37). These findings provide an interpretation that (1) biologists' higher scientific thinking power (i.e., biological hypothesis generation) is presumably involved in the middle frontal gyrus, which is related to effective integrating of the internally and externally induced informations; (2) general high school students was using verbal strategy, retrieving episodic memory and analytic observation for acquiring more information about questioning situation. These results suggested that the process of the scientific hypothesis generation is extremely unique and complicated process in higher thinking.
참고문헌 (27)
- "과학고등학교 학생들이 전분실험에서 생성한 생물학 가설의 설명 경향 분석", 55(1), pp.275~298 (2007)
- "생명현상에 대한 가설 검증 방법의 고안 과정에서 나타나는 초등 예비 교사의 두뇌 활성 - fMRI 연구", 35(2), pp.212~224 (2007)
- "생명현상에 관한 과학적 의문 생성 과정에서 나타나는 생물학자의 두뇌 활성 양상", 27(1), pp.84~92 (2007)
- "단어 유창성 검사 수행에 동반된 뇌 활성화 양상 : 기능적 자기공명영상 연구", 18(2), pp.138~143 (2000)
- "동물행동학자의 연구 활동에서 나타나는 연구 단계, 사고 과정, 행동 양식 및 생성 지식에 관한 연구", 35(3), pp.361~373 (2007)
- "생명현상에 관한 가설생성에서 나타나는 과학 교사의 두뇌 활성 - fMRI 연구", 34(4), pp.453~464 (2006)
- "Implications of postmodernism for science science as progressive discourse", pp.3~12 (1994)
- "Introduction to functional magnetic resonance imaging: Principles and techniques" (2002), Cambridge, UK: Cambridge university Press
- "Imaging cognition II: An empirical review of 275 PET and fMRI studies", 12(1), pp.1~47 (2000)
- "Brain mechanisms underlying perceptual causality", 24, pp.41~47 (2005)
- "A cognitive neuroscience framework for understanding causal reasoning and the law", 359, pp.17491754~ (2004)
- "Frontopolar cortex mediates abstract integration in analogy", 1096, pp.125~137 (2006)
- "Regional glucose metabolic changes after learning a complex visuospatial", motor task, 1992, 134~143
- "A general mechanism for perceptual decision-making in the human brain", 431, pp.859~862 (2004)
- "Functional magnetic resonance imaging" (2004), Sunderland. MA: Sinauer associate, Inc.
- "Episodic encoding and recognition of pictures and words: Role of the human medial temporal lodes", 105, pp.159~179 (2000)
- "An explorative analysis of hypothesis-generation by pre-service science teachers", 20, pp.29~42 (2000)
- "What does Galileo's discovery of Jupiter's moons tell us about the process of scientific discovery?", 11, pp.1~24 (2002)
- "The nature and nurture of creative talent", pp.484~495 (1962)
- "Recalling routes around london: activation of the right hippocampus in the taxi drivers", 17(18), pp.7103~7110 (1997)
- "The psychology of creativity and discovery" (1981)
- "Biological psychology: An introduction to behavioral and cognitive neuroscience" (2005), Sinauer associate, Inc.
- "Dissociating processes supporting causal perception and causal inference in the brain", 19, pp.591~602 (2005)
- "Reasoning and working memory: Common and distict neural process", 41, pp.1241~1253 (2003)
- "Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the left human frontal eye fields eliminates the cost of invalid endogenous cues", 43, pp.1288~1296 (2005)
- "Ulcers and bacteria I: discovery and acceptance", 29(1), pp.107~136 (1998)
- "Neural correlates of symbolic and non-symbolic arithmetic", 43, pp.744~753 (2005)