북한 교육 패러다임 전환 1960년대 후반 기술교육 중심에서 유일사상교육으로

Abstract

After liberation, North Korea focused on technical education since the establishment of its government. However, the country suffered severe shortage of manpower, making it difficult to overcome the aftermath of exploitation during the Japanese occupation, and constructing its economy based on socialism. Due to these difficulties, the party concentrated on educating basic technology, soon expanding its range to more people while reorganizing the education system for efficiency. The plan further developed as the country proceeded on with its restoration works and planned economy after the Korean War, thus reforming linear technology education system among North Korea. During the 60s, the political situation of North Korea, such as the Sino-Soviet split and the Gapsanpa scandal, allowed the country to concentrate on its war industry while establishing a self-supporting 86 현대북한연구 2015 · 18권 3호economy and an independent national defense policy. This strengthened the dictatorship of North Korea overall. As a result, the school curriculum was reorganized during the late 60s to 70s to emphasize political ideas rather than educating technology. This study followed the process of technical education which started from the liberation of the Korean peninsula, while comparing the placement of subjects between the 7-year compulsory technical education system and the secondary curriculum of the 9-year compulsory education, clarifying the transfer of emphasis from technical education to ideology education.