한국전쟁기 황해도민의 서해안 피난과 전후 전라남도 정착

Abstract

This paper studies the reality of evacuation during the Korean War and the process of refugees’ resettlement. Refugees who left their homes in Hwanghae-do had lived long sheltered lives on the west coast island. They risked their way back and forth between houses and islands as they had difficulty securing basic food and shelter on the island. The refugees on the island were carried on LSTs and came to Jeollanam-do, at the end of the west coast. Together with the Korean government, UNCACK conducted a "Resettlement project" nationwide, and this project was promoted in Jeonnam. In Jangheung, the refugees became leaders of the settlement businesses and ran businesses, while this was not the case in Youngam as business was conducted on the land of the landowners. The refugees worked diligently to achieve their goal of creating farmlands. The resettlement project was turned into a self-help project in the mid-1960s, and the refugees have been fully settled in Jeollanam-do thanks to the distribution of farmland. The refugees participated in settlement projects actively to create farmland and overcome social discrimination. Therefore, they cannot be excluded from the groups who did their best in the post-war restoration process of Korea.