17世紀 被擄人 趙完璧의 安南 체험

Abstract

This paper scrutinize the experience of Cho Wan-byuk in Annam, who was a captive during Japanese Invasion of 1597(丙子胡亂), and traversed Annam(安南) three times. Upon the Japanese Invasion of 1597, Cho Wan-byuk was abducted to Japan as a captive. In Japan, he was forced into labor on a Juinseon(朱印船), which was operated by a japanese slave owner named Suminokura Ryoi(角倉了以) from 1604 to 1606. During the period, he made three visits to Annam. Cho Wan-byuk's experience as a captive was heard by Kim Yun-ahn(金允安) who served as a Chalbang of Sochon Do in Jinjyu region. The story was spread by Kim Yun-ahn, and eventually reached Jeong Sa-shin(鄭士信), Lee Su-Kwang(李睟光), and Lee Jun(李埈), who later published Cho Wan-byuk Geon(趙完璧傳). Cho Wan-byuk was a great-grandchild of Jijokdang Cho Ji-seo(趙之瑞), who was executed during Gapjjasawa(甲子士禍). He had a childhood name of Yeosoo, and a pen name of Songgang, and his family clan originated from Imchon region. He was married to a granddaughter of Ha Wi-bo(河魏寶), a member of a powerful clan from Jinjyu region of Gyeongsang province. Both his wife's side and mother's side were all members of powerful clans in Jinjyu region. After three visits to Annam, Cho Wan-byuk spread the detailed informations about Annam nation, along with the fact that poetry written by Lee Su-Kwang was very popular and loved to recite among Confucian scholars in Annam. The area where he visited, was Hung Nguyen huyen(興元縣), Nghe An(乂安), Annam. At that time, Annam was controlled by two governments, North regime and South regime, confronting each other. Staying in Hung Nguyen huyen, Cho Wan-byuk was invited by a high government official, mun ri hu(文理候), who took charge of Foreign trade, and many other local Confucian scholars. In their meetings, he communicated with them by writing about Lee Su-Kwang's poetry. Cho Wan-byuk described in detail the basics of Annam people, such as food, clothing, shelter, culture, climate, flora and fauna, fruits, principle products, concubine system, and the character of Annam people, etc. After contacting and communicating with lots of people in Annam, he seemed to feel both of cultural homogeneity and heterogeneity within chinese cultural zone. He expressed mixed feelings of positive awareness and negative awareness for the recognition of Annam people. Due to the detailed informations on Annam nation based on the knowledge of Cho Wan-byuk, the 17th century Joseon society had become motivated to better understand Annam. In the 17th century Joseon society, it could not be imagined the act itself, to navigate international trading ships and to trade abroad by individuals rather than a nation. But at that time in Japan, international trade practices against the East Asian countries were already in progress actively, and Cho Wan-byuk was the first Korean who had witnessed this activity and participated in actually.