일제하 일본인 지주회사의 농장 관리 조직을 통해 본 식민지 지주제의 성격

Abstract

It was very important and necessary assignment which understanding of managers of land tenant for the study of Korean agriculture during the Japanese colonial period because the manager had a very important role in determining the nature of the land tenant system. By the way, the Japanese colonial power and Japanese landowner insisted that they removed trespass of ‘saeum’ and introduced modern management system. But Japanese landowner’s farm management was reinforcement of colonial features. The Japanese landowner made saeum for simple Communicator between landowner and Korean tenant. Modernity, rationality, efficiency of management system, coexist with exploitation and extraction to Korean tenants. The modern management system had high productivity but it was a result of Korean tenants’ sacrifice. The violent and forcible structure of Bul-yee Promotion of Industry on Korean farmers was controlled by ‘Tenant Five People Union(小作五人組合)’ and ‘Promotion of the industry Union(不二殖産組合)’. The former followed the system for feudal lords to control tenants during the Japan's feudal government period, and were realized in colonial Korea. Especially, the latter was the special company structure without precedent in Japanese agricultural company that advanced into Korea. It had effects on Korean economically and existentially, and even personal control was possible in this structure. Kumamoto Farm was very special case. It’s management system was based on meritocracy. Most of the staff of Kumamoto Farm were graduated from agricultural college or agricultural high school. They were an experts in agriculture, so they were given proper treatment due to the ability. In conclusion, despite the Japanese landowners farm management(especially Bul-yee promotion company 不二興業) was reasonable and effective modern system, it was severe exploitation from Korean tenants. It was caused by high rate of farm rent.