접지층에서 대기난류의 역할과 에너지 평형
Role of Atmospheric Turbulences and Energy Balances in the Atmospheric Surface Layer
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
연안습지 생태계에서 열에너지 교환 과정은 매우 중요하다. 지표 열에너지 평형을 이루는 요소인 순복사 플럭스, 현열 플럭스, 잠열 플럭스 그리고 토양열 플럭스를 전라남도 고흥에 위치한 수평적으로 균질하다고 판단되는 지역인 고흥만 간척지에서 관측하고 분석하였다. 열의 수송을 평가하기 위해서 5회의 집중관측 기간에 대기난류를 측정하였고, 특히 갈대로 덮여있는 간척지에서 지표층 열에너지 수지를 분석하기 위해서는 물과 매우 미세한 입자로 구성된 토양 그리고 계절에 따라 색깔과 밀도가 변하는 식생캐노피를 고려하였다. 순복사 플럭스, 현열 플럭스, 잠열 플럭스, 토양열 플럭스를 기존의 에너지 수지방정식에 적용하여 식생과 토양과 같은 지표면 특성에 따른 열 플럭스의 특징을 조사하여 습지의 기온조절 효과에 대해 알아보았다. 에너지 수지비로 식생 성장기에는 주로 잠열 플럭스에 의해 열이 대기로 전달되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 식생층은 열을 저장하여 기온의 일교차를 줄이는 역할을 한다. 여름철에 집중관측지의 기온이 주변 지역의 기온보다 보다 낮고 겨울철에는 다소 높게 나타난 결과는 식생층을 포함하는 연안습지가 열환경을 조절함을 보여주었다.
Abstract
Heat energy exchange is very important processes in the coastal wetland ecosystems. We observed and analyzed the net radiation flux, the sensible heat flux, the latent heat flux and the soil heat flux, which are balanced in the heat energy balance, over a reclaimed land covered with reeds at Goheung, Jeonllanamdo where is horizontally plane. The atmospheric turbulence had been measured in order to estimate the heat transfer during 5 intensive observation periods (IOPs). It was considered that the soil consists of water, fine particles, and vegetation canopy that changes color and density according to the season. We examined the characteristics of the heat flux and the vegetation effect on the air temperature control. It was noted that the heat was transported mainly by latent heat flux in the summer season and the vegetation canopy decreased the daily temperature range due to the heat storage. The air temperature was lower at the IOPs site than near urban area. This showed that the coastal wetland covered with the vegetation control the thermal environment.
참고문헌 (21)
- Arya, S. P, "Introduction to micrometeorology", pp.420~ (2001), Academic Press
- Burba, G. G, "Surface energy fluxes of Phragmites australis in a prairie wetland", Agric. For.Meteorol, 94, pp.31~51 (1999)
- KyungSookCho, "Characteristics of Canopy Heat Storage within a Conifer at Kwangneung Arboretum in Korea from September to December 2001", Korean Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 6(1), pp.37~45 (2003), 한국기상학회
- Christen, A, "Energy and radiation balance of a central European city", Int. J. Climatol, 24, pp.1395~1421 (2004)
- Fitzjarrald, D, "Growing season boundary layer climate and surface exchanges in a subarctic lichen woodland", J. Geophy. Res, 99, pp.1899~1917 (1994)
- Grimmond, C. S. B, "Comparison of heat fluxes from summertime observations and a localscale urban meteorological parameterisation scheme", J. Appl. Meteorol, 41, pp.792~810
- Harazono, Y, "Measurement of energy budget components during the international rice experiment (IREX) in Japan", Hydrological processes, 12, pp.2081~2092 (1998)
- Hill, R. J, "Measuring surface-layer fluxes of heat and momentum using optical scintillation", Boudary-Layer Meteorol, 58, pp.391~408 (1992)
- Hsu, S. A, "Transfer of heat on a tropical beach", Carrib. J. Sci, 15, pp.159~163 (1980)
- Kim, G. H, "Heat energy exchange of reed canopy over Goheung bay wetland", 석사, pp.2008
- Kustas, W. P., "Variability in soil heat flux from a mesquite dune site", Agric.For. Meteorol, 103, pp.249~264 (2000)
- Kwon, B. H, "Structureof the marine atmospheric boundary layer over an oceanic thermal front:SEMAPHORE experiment", J. of Geophysical Research, 103, pp.159~180 (1998)
- Mayocchi, C. L, "Soil surface heat flux : some general questions and comments on measurements", Agric. For. Meteorol, 75, pp.43~50 (1995)
- Meyers, T. P, "An assessment of storage terms in the surface energy balance of maize and soybean", Agric. For. Meteorol, 125, pp.105~115 (2004)
- Ogee, J, "A long-term study of soil heat flux under a forest canopy", Agric. For. Meteorol, 106, pp.173~186 (2001)
- Oke, T. R, "Urban heat storage derived as energy balance residuals", Boudary-Layer Meteorol, 39, pp.233~245 (1987)
- Oke, T. R., "The energy-balance of central Mexico City during the dry season", Atmos.Environ, 33, pp.3919~3930 (1999)
- Santanello Jr. J. A, "Diurnal covariation in soil heat flux and net radiation", J. Appl. Meteor, 42, pp.851~862 (2003)
- Stull, R. B, "An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology", pp.666~ (1988), Kluwer Academic Publishers
- Weber, S, "Surface energy balance characteristics of a heterogeneous urban ballast facet", Climate Research, 28, pp.257~266 (2005)
- Wilson, K. B, "Seasonal and interannual variability of energy fluxes over a broad leaved temperate deciduous forest", Agric. For.Meteorol, 100, pp.1~18 (2000)