경안천 유역의 불투수면에 따른 어류다양성 연구
Study on Fish Diversity by Impervious Cover of Gyeongan-Stream Watershed
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초록
본 연구에서는 경안천 유역을 대상으로 1975년부터 2000년까지의 토지피복상태에 따른 불투수면과 투수면을 재분류하여 경관분석 프로그램을 이용하여 경관 지수를 산정하였다. 경관 지수 중 총 중심지면적인TCA(Total Core Area)를 생물종 다양성 지표로 이용하였다. 선정된 경관 지표 TCA와 불투수면 모델인ICM(Impervious Cover Model)을 이용하여 실제 경안천 유역의 어류 출현종수와 비교하였다. TCA와 불투수면비율의 관계에서는 불투수면 비율 증가에 따라 TCA값이 점차 감소하는 추세를 보였다. 이는 도시화와 인위적인개발로 인해 경관에서 불투수면 면적이 차지하는 비율이 커지면서 생물종이 외부로부터의 격리를 필요로 하는임계면적이 점차 감소하였음을 나타낸다. 또한, 경안천에 서식하는 출현 어류종의 종류를 모니터링 해 본 결과불투수면 비율이 낮은 지역에서 청정수에 서식하는 종의 출현빈도가 높음을 알 수 있었다. 경안천 유역은 하천상태가 Impacted Stream(손상하천) 위에 해당하여 유역의 상태가 나빠지는 단계에 있는 것으로 파악되었으며,이 구간에서 유역은 불투수면 비율에 민감하게 반응하므로, 계속적으로 집중적인 유역관리가 필요하며, 지역에출현하는 어류다양성을 증가시키기 위해 유역상태를 개선시킬 필요성이 있다.
Abstract
This study estimates landscape indices of the Gyeongan-stream watershed from 1975 to 2000 by classifying the land cover into impervious cover and pervious cover depending on its state using a landscape analysis program. For the indicator of biodiversity this study uses Total Core Area or TCA among landscape indices. The estimated TCA is then used along with an Impervious Cover Model or ICM to compare the number of fish species that appear in the Gyeongan-stream watershed. In the relations between TCA and the impervious cover ratio, it has been found that as the impervious cover ratio increases, TCA decreases accordingly. It shows that as the ratio of impervious cover in the landscape increases due to urbanization and development, the critical area that individual species need for isolation from outside has decreased. Also, the monitoring of the number of fish species that appear in the Gyeongan-stream watershed shows that in the areas with low impervious cover ratio there are more fish species appearing that inhabit in clean, uncontaminated water. It has been identified that the Gyeongan-stream watershed falls into the category of Impacted Stream and that its state is worsening, and since the watershed in this area responds to the impervious cover ratio very sensitively, its fish diversity it is required to improve the state of the basin through its proper and careful management.
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