가막만 빈산소 해역의 퇴적물 산소소모율과 용존산소 고갈에 의한 황화수소 용출
Sediment Oxygen Consumption Rate and Hydrogen Sulfide Release by Dissolved Oxygen Depletion in Hypoxic Area of the Gamak Bay, Korea
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가막만 빈산소 해역에서 챔버 실험과 지화학적 분석을 통하여 퇴적물 산소소모율과 퇴적물 특성을 파악하였다. 가막만표층퇴적물의 유기탄소 함량은 만의 안쪽이 높고 바깥쪽으로 갈수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 만의 안쪽 퇴적물에는바깥쪽에 비해 상대적으로 육성기인 유기물이 더 많이 포함되어 있다. 빈산소가 빈번하게 발생하는 가막만 북부 내만의 시추퇴적물에 기록된 탄산칼슘 함량의 분포는 이 지역에서 과거 백 년 이전부터 빈산소가 발생하였음을 지시한다. 2010년과 2011년 2월, 5월, 8월 및 11월에 가막만 빈산소 해역에서 퇴적물 챔버 실험을 하였는데, 북부 내만에 위치한 정점 C3과 남부 외해 쪽에 위치한 정점 C17에서 퇴적물 산소소모율은 각각 3.98 - 12.43 mmol m-2 d-1, 3.28 - 8.18 mmol m-2 d-1 범위였다. 퇴적물 산소소모율은 수온에 가장 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 보인다. 정점 C3과 정점 C17 에서 산소가 모두 고갈되어 저층이 무산소로 바뀌면 유독성의 황화수소 플럭스는 각각 1.38 mmol m-2 d-1, 1.31 mmol m-2 d-1로 수층으로 용출되어 나왔다.
Abstract
This study investigated sediment oxygen consumption rates and geochemical characteristics of sediment in hypoxic area of the Gamak Bay based on the chamber experiments and geochemical analyses. The organic carbon contents of surface sediment in the Gamak Bay showed that the inner bay area has higher organic carbon content than those of the outer bay. They toward the outer bay, contents dropped off. The vertical profiles of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content at piston core sediment assumed that the hypoxia have been frequently occurred during past century in the northern inner bay. The benthic chamber experiments were conducted in February, May, August and November 2010, 2011 in the hypoxic area of the Gamak Bay. In the sediment incubation experiment with chamber at site C3 in the northern inner bay and site C17 in the southern outer bay, the sediment oxygen consumption rate ranged from 3.98 mmol m-2 d-1 to 12.43 mmol m-2 d-1 and 3.28 mmol m-2 d-1 to 8.18 mmol m-2 d-1, respectively. When the oxygen was completely depleted, the toxic hydrogen sulfide was released with 1.38 mmol m-2 d-1 and 1.3 mmol m-2 d-1, respectively.
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