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한국 서·남해안 연안생태계의 염생식물군락과 염생식물상의 특성에 관한 연구

A study on the halophyte vegetation and halophyte flora characteristics of coastal ecosystem in the West and South coasts in Korea

이정민|최윤경|김세희|김윤서|서지현|박재훈|조경미|유영한|박여빈|서주현|김의주|박지원
한국습지학회 (Korean Wetlands Society)|2024.02|한국습지학회지 (Journal of Wetlands Researh)|제26권 제1호|pp. 72-81|DOI 10.17663/JWR.2024.26.1.72

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참고문헌

키워드

다양성Diversity분포염습지염생식물해안사구Coastal sand duneSalt marshDistributionHalophyte
주제분류기타자연과학

초록

한국은 삼면이 바다로 되어 있어 염습지와 이에 인접한 해안사구가 발달되어 있다. 본 연구는 한국 서·남해안의 염습지와 사구에서 나타나는 염생식물의 군집과 식물상의 특성을 48개 지소의 571 식분에서 조사하고, 분석하여 연안 생태계의 특성을 밝히고자 시도하였다. 그 결과, 염습지에 분포하는 식물군락은 39개이었으며, 갈대군락의 분포면적이 가장 넓었고, 버들명아주군락이 가장좁았다. 나문재군락이 해안선으로부터 가장 근접하여 분포하였고, 해홍나물군락이 해양쪽으로 가장 멀리까지 분포하였다. 해안사구에 분포하는 식물군락은 29개이었으며, 갯그령군락의 분포면적이 가장 넓었고, 수송나물군락이 가장좁았고, 갯메꽃군락이 해안선으로부터 가장 근접하여 분포하였고, 해당화군락이 내륙쪽으로 가장 멀리까지 분포하였다. 염습지의 식물상은 6과 14속 17종 1변종 18분류군 이였으며(식물구계학적 점수; 16점), 해안사구는 11과 18속20종 1변종 21분류군(식물구계학적 점수; 34점)으로 해안사구가 염습지 보다 약간 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 한국 서남해의 연안에서는 해안사구가 염습지보다 해수의 영향을 간접적으로 받기 때문에 염도에 약한 식물도 생육할수 있기 때문으로 해석된다.

Abstract

Korea is surrounded by the sea on three sides, salt marshes and coastal sand dunes adjacent to them are developed. This study attempted to reveal the characteristics of the coastal ecosystem by investigating and analyzing the characteristics of plant communities and flora of 571stands of 48 sites in the salt marshes and coastal sand dunes on the western and southern coasts of Korea..As a result, in the salt marshes, 39 vegetation units appeared, with Phragmites australis community having the widest area and Chenopodium virgatum community having the narrowest area. Suaeda glauca community was distributed closest to the coastline, while Suaeda maritima community extended the farthest seaward. In the coastal sand dunes, 29 vegetation units were distributed with Elymus mollis community having the widest area and Salsola komarovii community having the narrowest area. Calystegia soldanella community was showed closest to the coastline, while Rosa rugosa community extended the farthest landward. The flora of the salt marshes consisted of 6 families, 14 genera, 17 species, 1 variant, and 18 taxa (floristic regional indicator score; 16) and the coastal sand dunes consisted of 11 families, 18 genera, 20 species, 1 variant, and 21 taxa (floristic regional indicator score; 34) appeared slightly higher than that of salt marshes. This result is interpreted that halophyte that are sensitive to salinity can grow on the coast of the west-south coast of Korea because coastal sand dunes are more indirectly affected by sea than salt marshes.

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