본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

전처리 방법에 따른 하수처리장 유입수에서의 미세플라스틱 성상분석 평가

Evaluation of microplastic in the inflow of municipal wastewater treatment plant according to pretreatment methods

길경익|김성렬
한국습지학회 (Korean Wetlands Society)|2022.05|한국습지학회지 (Journal of Wetlands Researh)|제24권 제2호|pp. 83-92

0

조회

0

다운로드

2

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

Pretreatment미세플라스틱MicroplasticsCalibration curve하수처리장전처리 방법검정곡선Municipal wastewater treatment
주제분류기타자연과학

초록

전세계적으로 플라스틱에 대한 수요가 늘어감에 따라 플라스틱 폐기물의 양이 증가하고 있다. 수계 내에서의 미세플라스틱의위해성에 대한 평가 기준에 대해서는 아직 많은 연구가 필요하지만 대체적으로 미세플라스틱을 성질 개선을 위해 첨가하는화학물이 유독하다는 사실은 여러 문헌을 통해 증명되어있다. 하수처리장(MWTP)은 오수를 처리하는 시설로서 가정에서발생하는 미세플라스틱이 모이는 미세플라스틱이 모이는 장소이다. 따라서 MWTP 에서의 미세플라스틱 분석이 필요한상황이지만 이를 진행하기 위해 표준화된 방법이 아직은 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 MWTP에서 미세플라스틱 검출을위한 하수 시료에 적용할 수 있는 최적의 방법론을 조사해보고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 J 하수 처리장에서 수집한 유입수샘플로부터 미세플라스틱을 분석하는 다양한 전처리 방법 중에서 하수처리장 샘플에 가장 널리 사용되는 펜톤산화와 H2O2 산화법을 선정하였다. 각 전처리 방법별로 측정에 오차를 발생시킬 요소들이 있었으며, 이를 극복하기 위해 펜톤산화 전처리의 경우 밀도분리법 대신 여과를 진행하여 분석을 진행하는 것이 추천되며, H2O2 산화법의 경우 반응 이후 증류수로 세척하는 과정이 필요해 보인다. 분석 결과 미세플라스틱의 농도는 H2O2 산화법을 이용한 샘플의 경우 2.75 ea/L, 펜톤산화법을이용한 샘플의 경우 3.2 ea/L 로 측정되었으며 대부분 섬유형태로 존재하였다. 또한 정량분석을 현미경을 이용해 육안으로진행하기 때문에 측정 결과에 대한 신뢰성을 보장하기가 어렵다고 판단해 검정곡선을 만들었다. 총 3개의 검정곡선이 그려졌으며 해당 검정곡선들을 분석한 결과 R2 값이 전부 0.9 이상이였으며 이는 정량분석에 대해 높은 신뢰성을 보장한다. 정성분석으로 MWTP에 유입되는 미세플라스틱의 계열에 대해선 판단할 수 있었지만 각 미세플라스틱의 화학적인 조성에 대해선확인할 수 없었다. 향후 MWTP에 유입되는 미세플라스틱의 화학적 조성에 대해서 확인하기 위해서 이번 연구를 활용할수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

The amount of the plastic waste has been increasing according to global demand for plastic. Microplastics are the most hazardous among all plastic pollutants due to their toxicity and unknown physicochemical properties. This study investigates the optimal methodology that can be applied to sewage samples for detecting microplastics before discussing reducing microplastics in MWTPs. In this study, the effect of different pretreatment methods while detecting microplastic analysis of MWTP influent samples was investigated; the samples were collected from the J sewage treatment plant. There are many pretreatment methods but two of them are widely used: Fenton digestion and hydrogen peroxide oxidation. Although there are many pretreatment methods that can be applied to investigate microplastics, the most widely used methods for sewage treatment plant samples are Fenton digestion and H2O2 oxidation. For each pretreatment method, there were factors that could cause an error in the measurement. To overcome this, in the case of the Fenton digestion pretreatment, it is recommended to proceed with the analysis by filtration instead of the density separation method. In the case of the H2O2 oxidation method, the process of washing with distilled water after the reaction is recommended. As a result of the analysis, the concentration of microplastics was measured to be 2.75ea/L for the sample using the H2O2 oxidation method and 3.2ea/L for the sample using the Fenton oxidation method, and most of them were present in the form of fibers. In addition, it is difficult to guarantee the reliability of measurement results from quantitative analysis performed via microscope with eyes. A calibration curve was created for prove the reliability. A total of three calibration curves were drawn, and as a result of analysis of the calibration curves, all R2 values were more than 0.9. This ensures high reliability for quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis could determine the series of microplastics flowing into the MWTP, but could not confirm the chemical composition of each microplastic. This study can be used to confirm the chemical composition of microplastics introduced into MWTP in the future research.

참고문헌 (40)

  1. PlasticsEurope, "Plastics – The Facts 2020", ~ (2020)
  2. José G.B Derraik, "The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris: a review", Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44(9), pp.842~852 (2002), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  3. Murray R. Gregory, "Environmental implications of plastic debris in marine settings—entanglement, ingestion, smothering, hangers-on, hitch-hiking and alien invasions", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364(1526), pp.2013~2025 (2009), The Royal Society[DOI]
  4. Lozano. R.L, "Marine litter in the North-East Atlantic Region : Assessment and priorities for response", KIMO International, Marine Litter in the North-East Atlantic Region : Assessment and Priorities for Response, ~ (2009)
  5. "ISO/TR21960" (2020)[URL]
  6. Matthew. C, "Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment : A review", Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62, pp.2588~2597 (2011)
  7. Yukie. M, "Plastic resin pellets as a transport medium for toxic chemicals in the marine environment", Environment Science Technology, 35, pp.318~324 (2001)
  8. 강희준, "G시 하수처리장의 미세플라스틱 함유량 특성과 배출량 추정", 한국수처리학회지, 28(4), pp.43~49 (2020), 한국수처리학회[DOI]
  9. 이혜성, "우리나라 미세플라스틱의 발생잠재량 추정 - 1차 배출원 중심으로 -", 한국해양학회지:바다, 22(3), pp.135~149 (2017), 한국해양학회[DOI]
  10. T.G. Sunitha, "Micro-plastic pollution along the Bay of Bengal coastal stretch of Tamil Nadu, South India", Science of The Total Environment, 756, pp.144073~ (2021), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  11. Rajeev Roychand, "Identification of micro-plastics in Australian road dust", Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8(1), pp.103647~ (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  12. Abdusalam Uheida, "Visible light photocatalytic degradation of polypropylene microplastics in a continuous water flow system", Journal of Hazardous Materials, 406, pp.124299~ (2021), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  13. Joana Correia Prata, "Methods for sampling and detection of microplastics in water and sediment: A critical review", TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 110, pp.150~159 (2019), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  14. Jessica Caldwell, "The micro-, submicron-, and nanoplastic hunt: A review of detection methods for plastic particles", Chemosphere, 293, pp.133514~ (2022), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  15. Riaz Ahmed, "Critical review of microplastics removal from the environment", Chemosphere, 293, pp.133557~ (2022), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  16. Jesse C. Vermaire, "Microplastic abundance and distribution in the open water and sediment of the Ottawa River, Canada, and its tributaries", FACETS, 2(1), pp.301~314 (2017), Canadian Science Publishing[DOI]
  17. Rachid Dris, "Microplastic contamination in an urban area: a case study in Greater Paris", Environmental Chemistry, 12(5), pp.592~ (2015), CSIRO Publishing[DOI]
  18. Jean-Pierre W. Desforges, "Widespread distribution of microplastics in subsurface seawater in the NE Pacific Ocean", Marine Pollution Bulletin, 79(1-2), pp.94~99 (2014), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  19. Robin Lenz, "Small Microplastic Sampling in Water: Development of an Encapsulated Filtration Device", Water, 10(8), pp.1055~ (2018), MDPI AG[DOI]
  20. Marlies R. Michielssen, "Fate of microplastics and other small anthropogenic litter (SAL) in wastewater treatment plants depends on unit processes employed", Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, 2(6), pp.1064~1073 (2016), Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)[DOI]
  21. Dubaish. F, "Suspended microplastics and black carbon particles in the Jade system, southern North Sea", Water Air and Soil Pollution, 224, pp.1352~ (2013)[DOI]
  22. Trishan Naidoo, "Are Nitric Acid (HNO3) Digestions Efficient in Isolating Microplastics from Juvenile Fish?", Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 228(12) (2017), Springer Science and Business Media LLC[DOI]
  23. Ali Karami, "A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish", Science of The Total Environment, 578, pp.485~494 (2017), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  24. Alexandre. D, "Microplastics in seafood benchmark protocol for their extraction and characterization", Environmental Pollution, 215, pp.223~233 (2016)[DOI]
  25. Marie-Theres Nuelle, "A new analytical approach for monitoring microplastics in marine sediments", Environmental Pollution, 184, pp.161~169 (2014), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  26. Thomas Maes, "A rapid-screening approach to detect and quantify microplastics based on fluorescent tagging with Nile Red", Scientific Reports, 7(1) (2017), Springer Science and Business Media LLC[DOI]
  27. Peiying Kang, "How can we trace microplastics in wastewater treatment plants: A review of the current knowledge on their analysis approaches", Science of The Total Environment, 745, pp.140943~ (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  28. Winnie Courtene-Jones, "Optimisation of enzymatic digestion and validation of specimen preservation methods for the analysis of ingested microplastics", Analytical Methods, 9(9), pp.1437~1445 (2017), Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)[DOI]
  29. Therese M. Karlsson, "Screening for microplastics in sediment, water, marine invertebrates and fish: Method development and microplastic accumulation", Marine Pollution Bulletin, 122(1-2), pp.403~408 (2017), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  30. Ellika M. Crichton, "A novel, density-independent and FTIR-compatible approach for the rapid extraction of microplastics from aquatic sediments", Analytical Methods, 9(9), pp.1419~1428 (2017), Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)[DOI]
  31. Chongqing Wang, "Superior fenton-like degradation of tetracycline by iron loaded graphitic carbon derived from microplastics: Synthesis, catalytic performance, and mechanism", Separation and Purification Technology, 270, pp.118773~ (2021), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  32. 윤제용, "펜톤 화학 반응의 이론적 이해", 공업화학, 16(1), pp.9~14 (2005), 한국공업화학회
  33. Laboratory methods for the analysis of microplastics in the marine environment:Recommendations for quantifying synthetic particles in waters and sediments, "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", ~ (2017)
  34. Fischer. M, "Simultaneous trace identification and quantification of common types of microplastics in environmental samples by pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry", Environment Science. Technology, 51(9), pp.5052~5060 (2017)
  35. Jacopo La Nasa, "A review on challenges and developments of analytical pyrolysis and other thermoanalytical techniques for the quali-quantitative determination of microplastics", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 149, pp.104841~ (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  36. Adithya Sridhar, "Extraction and detection methods of microplastics in food and marine systems: A critical review", Chemosphere, 286, pp.131653~ (2022), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  37. Ole Mallow, "A new thermoanalytical method for the quantification of microplastics in industrial wastewater", Environmental Pollution, 259, pp.113862~ (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  38. Young Kyoung Song, "A comparison of spectroscopic analysis methods for microplastics: Manual, semi-automated, and automated Fourier transform infrared and Raman techniques", Marine Pollution Bulletin, 173, pp.113101~ (2021), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  39. Sungyup Jung, "Progress in quantitative analysis of microplastics in the environment: A review", Chemical Engineering Journal, 422, pp.130154~ (2021), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  40. Won Joon Shim, "Identification methods in microplastic analysis: a review", Analytical Methods, 9(9), pp.1384~1391 (2017), Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)[DOI]

관련 논문AI추천

충북지역 하수처리시설의 미세플라스틱 검출현황 및 공법별 비교연구김혜성, 문준식, 이찬근, 조영철, 조준영, 홍순기한국환경분석학회 · 환경분석과 독성보건2023 · 제26권 제1호담수 물환경 중 미세플라스틱 분석방법 및 검출에 대한 고찰김윤석, 유지수, 유혜원, 이선홍, 최재원한국환경분석학회 · 환경분석과 독성보건2020 · 제23권 제4호토양, 지하수 중 미세플라스틱 분석법에 관한 고찰권종범, 박선화, 최현희한국분석과학회 · 분석과학2024 · 제37권 제3호경기도 내 하천의 미세플라스틱 오염 특성 연구김현, 김현자, 김희영, 이경희, 정승규, 정주용, 조현진한국환경분석학회 · 환경분석과 독성보건2023 · 제26권 제2호경안천의 미세플라스틱 특성 조사김현, 김세희, 김영연, 김현자, 윤홍철, 정주용한국환경분석학회 · 환경분석과 독성보건2024 · 제27권 제4호미세플라스틱 제거를 위한 고도산화기술 최신 연구 동향김광민, 김상현, 김정연, 이해성, 한창석한국환경분석학회 · 환경분석과 독성보건2023 · 제26권 제1호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (6건)

유기농 복합생태 논습지의 토양 미생물 다양성 증진 효과박상구, 조정래, 공민재, 손진관, 남홍식, 박충배, 한양수pp. 69-82지형환경에 따른 묵논습지 분포 특성 분석박미옥pp. 93-101독일의 LULUCF 정책 분석을 통한 국내 정책 및 전략에의 시사점김이형, 이루다, 이우진pp. 102-114LID시설에서의 오염물질 및 탄소흡수능에 식생이 미치는 영향홍진, 김유현, 길경익pp. 115-122The Status of Ramsar wetlands in India: A review of ecosystem benefits, threats, and management strategies김이형, 전민수, N. J. D. G. Reyes, K. S. Farheenpp. 123-141
원문 보기