갈참나무와 졸참나무의 기후변화에 따른 생태지위 변화
Changes of ecological niche in Quercus serrata and Quercus aliena under climate change
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본 연구는 우리나라 산지 하천변의 잠재 자연식생의 주요 구성종인 갈참나무와 졸참나무가 기후변화조건이 되면 그들의 생태지위와 종간 관계가 어떻게 변하는지를 알아보기 위하여 시도되었다. 이를 위하여 CO2와 온도를 상승시킨기후변화조건하에서 토양수분과 토양영양소를 4구배로 처리하고, 생육기 말기에 식물을 수확하여 형질의 생육반응을측정하고, 생태지위폭과 중복력을 계산하고, 이를 대조구의 것과 비교하였다. 또한 두 종간의 관계는 형질값을 이용하여 주성분분석으로 해석하였다. 그 결과 기후변화시 수분환경 조건에서는 갈참나무의 생태지위폭이 졸참나무의 것보다 넓었다. 영양소 조건에서 두 종의 생태지위폭은 서로 유사하였다. 또한 기후변화시 갈참나무와 졸참나무의 토양수분에 대한 생태지위 중복역은 토양 영양소구배 보다 넓었다. 기후변화로 인하여 생태지위폭의 증가가 감소보다 더 많이 일어나는 형질들을 갖는 종은 수분구배와 영양소구배에서 모두 갈참나무이었다. 그리고 개체군들의 반응에서는 기후변화영향으로 토양수분 조건에서는 갈참나무가 졸참나무보다 적응력이 더 높아졌으나, 영양소 조건에서는 두종이유사하였다. 이러한 결과는 기후변화조건에서 두 종간의 경쟁은 수분환경에 대하여 더 심하게 일어나고 그 때 갈참나무가 졸참나무보다 적응력이 더 높다는 것을 의미하는 것이다.
Abstract
This study was attempted to find out how the ecological niche and interspecies relationship of Quercus aliena and Q. serrata, which are the main constituents of potential natural vegetation along the riverside of mountains in Korea, under climate change conditions. To this end, soil moisture and soil nutrients were treated with 4 grad ients under climate change conditions with elevated CO2 and temperature, plants we re harvested at the end of the growing season, growth responses of traits were measured, ecological niche breadth and overlap were calculated, and it was compared with that of the control group(ambient condition). In addition, the relationship between the two species was analyzed by principal component analysis using trait values. As a result, the ecological niche breadth of Q. aliena was wider than that of Q. serrata under the moisture environment conditions under climate change. Under nutrient conditions, the ecological niche of the two species were similar. In addition, the ecological overlap for soil moisture of Q. aliena and Q. serrata was wider than the soil nutrient gradient under climate change. The species with traits in which the increase in ecological niche breadth due to climate change occurred more than the decrease was Q. aliena in both water and nutrient gradients. And in the responses of the population level, due to climate change, the adaptability of Q. aliena was higher than that of Q. serrata under the soil moisture condition, but the two species were similar under the nutrient condition. These results mean that the competition between the two species occurs more severely in the water environment under climate change conditions, and at that time, Q. aliena has higher adaptability than Q. serrata.
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