학령기 아동의 삶의 질과 아동이 인지한 부모의 양육태도, 부모와 의사소통과의 관계
Relationship between Quality of Life and Parenting Attitude and Parent-Child Communication Patterns of School Age Children
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초록
서울 및 경기도 지역 4개의 초등학교 4, 5, 6학년 아동과 부모 148쌍을 대상으로 아동이 지각한 부모의 양육태도 및 부모와의 의사소통과 아동의 삶의 질과의 관계를 분석하였다. 아동과 부모 모두 아동의 삶의 질을 높게 보고하였고, 부모의 양육태도(r=.418, p<.001)와 부모와 의사소통(r=.453, p<.001)은삶의 질과 유의한 순 상관관계를 나타냈다. 다중회귀분석 결과,또래집단과의 관계, 부모와의 의사소통, 학교 성적, 방과 후 집에 어른이 계시는지의 여부, 학교생활 만족 정도 및 출생순위는아동의 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인들로 전체 모델의 47.7%설명하는 것으로 나타났다(F=16.184, p<.001). 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 아동의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위한다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 첫째, 아동은 발달단계에 따라 삶에 대한 인지가 다르므로다양한 발달단계의 아동을 대상으로 삶의 질과 관련된 요인을확인하는 연구가 필요하다. 둘째, 부모의 양육태도 및 부모-자녀 간 의사소통을 바람직하게 향상시킬 수 있는 실제적이고 체계화된 프로그램 개발 및적용이 필요함을 제언한다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe quality of life in school age children and the relationship between quality of life and parenting attitude as perceived by children and parent-child communication pattern. Methods: Data were collected between May 26 and June 3, 2009 using self-report questionnaires from 148 pairs of children and their parents. The children were enrolled in 4th to 6th grades. The questionnaires included the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Parent-Child Communication (PCC) Scale, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 17.0 program. Results: The Quality of Life (QOL) score for the children was significantly higher among children reporting higher parental bonding attitude (mother r=.38, father r=.34) and parent-child communication (mother r=.43, father r=.36). Results of multiple regression showed that factors significantly associated with QOL were academic achievement, caregiver available after school, parent-child communication, school satisfaction, relationship with peers, and birth order among siblings. Conclusion: Positive relationships and good communication with parents and satisfaction with school life were important factors associated with quality of life in school age children
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