치매 노인의 인지 및 일상활동능력이 부양자의 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 대처방식과 비합리적 신념의 조절효과
Moderating Effects of Coping Styles and Irrational Beliefs on the Relationship between Caregiver’s Stress and Cognitive and Daily Living Functioning in the Elderly with Dementia
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초록
치매노인 인지기능 및 일상활동능력과 부양자 스트레스의 관계에서 부양자의 대처와 비합리적 신념의 조절효과가 유의한지 알아봤다. 대구, 울산, 경북 지역 병원과 요양원을 이용 중인 치매노인 204명과 그 부양자 204명을 대상으로, 치매노인에게 간이정신상태검사-한국형, 일상활동평가-기초 및 복합을 실시했고, 부양자에게 스트레스 반응 척도, 스트레스 대처방식 척도, 치매가족 부양자 사고 질문지를 실시했다. 수집된 자료는 신뢰도 분석, 기술통계 분석, 편상관관계 분석, 위계적 다중회귀분석, t검증을 실시하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 치매노인의 인지기능과 일상활동능력은 부양자의 스트레스와 유의미한 상관관계를 보였다. 둘째, 치매노인의 인지기능 및 일상활동능력이 부양자의 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 대처의 조절효과를 검증해본 결과, 문제중심적 대처가 유의미한 조절변인으로서 기능했다. 셋째, 치매노인의 인지기능 및 일상활동능력이 부양자의 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 비합리적 신념의 조절효과를 검증한 결과, 일상활동능력-기초에 대해서만 비합리적 신념이 조절변인으로서 기능했다. 단, 본 연구의 제한점을 고려할 때 추후 보다 광범위한 대상에게 반복 검증될 필요성이 있다.
Abstract
This study explored whether there are moderating effects of caregiver's coping styles and irrational beliefs on the relationship between the cognitive or daily living functions of the elderly with dementia and their caregivers’ stress. Tests were administered to 204 elderly with dementia who were being treated at hospitals and sanatoriums in Daegu, Ulsan, or Gyeongbuk provinces in Korea, and their 204 caregivers. The Mini Mental State Examination-Korea (MMSE-K), Seoul-Activities of Daily Living (S-ADL), and Seoul-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (S-IADL) were administered on the elderly with dementia, while the Stress Response Inventory (SRI), Stress Coping Checklist, and Thoughts Questionnaire (TQ) were administered on their family caregivers. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, partial correlation analysis, hierarchical multiple regression analysis and the t-test. The findings revealed that the cognitive function and daily living abilities of the elderly with dementia was significantly correlated with caregiver's stress. Among the caregivers’ coping styles, only problem-centered coping style functioned as a moderator. Further, irrational beliefs functioned as a moderating variable only with respect to basic daily living activities of the elderly with dementia. These findings revealed that some interventions need to be implemented to tackle the stress copings and irrational beliefs of caregivers of the elderly with dementia. However, these findings resulted from the relatively small samples in korea, it needs to be replicated with the more larger sample in the future.
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