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어구로부터 발생하는 해양 플라스틱과 국제 플라스틱 협약

Legal Discussion on Marine Plastics from Fishing Gear and the International Plastics Convention

단호정
법학연구소 (The Institute of Legal Studies Konkuk University)|2024.12|홍익법학 (Journal of hongik law review)|제25권 제4호|pp. 223-248|DOI 10.16960/jhlr.25.4.202412.223

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키워드

어구Marine environment해양환경플라스틱 협약해양 플라스틱폐어구유령어구ALDFGPlastic ConventionMarine plasticsFishing gearAbandoned fishing gearGhost fishing gear
주제분류법학

초록

해양환경과 우리의 삶에 부정적 영향을 미치는 해양 플라스틱의 문제 해결을위해 유엔총회에서 국제 플라스틱 협약을 제정하기로 합의하였고, 2024년 12월 현재까지 총 5차례의 정부간 협상위원회 회의가 이루어졌다. 3차 회의에서 플라스틱 협약의 일반적 내용을 담은 Zero draft를 발표하였고, 4차 회의에서는 이전에 발표한 초안보다 더 구체적 내용을 담은 Revised zero draft를 발표하였다. Revised zero draft에서는 어구로부터 발생하는 해양 플라스틱 문제 해결 해결을 위한 규정도 담고 있다. 어구로부터 발생하는 해양 플라스틱은 해양생물과 해양환경에 심각한 영향을 주며, 전체 해양 플라스틱의 상당량을 차지하고 있는 것으로 추정되고 있다. 그러므로이를 해결하기 위한 국제사회의 노력과 논의가 필요하다. 현행 국제레짐은 어구로부터 발생하는 해양 플라스틱 문제를 해결하기에는 미흡한 점이 많아 새로 제정되는플라스틱 협약에서 어구의 친환경적 사용, 관리 및 처리에 대한 규정을 명시할 필요가있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 현재까지 발표된 플라스틱 협약 초안의 내용의 미흡한 점을 지적하고, 플라스틱 협약에 어구의 표시, 회수 및 신고 의무를 명시하고 어구의폐기 및 처리 그리고 항만수용시설을 통한 어구의 적절한 처리 방안을 명시할 것을 제안한다.

Abstract

In order to solve the problem of marine plastics that have a negative impact on the marine environment and our lives, the UN General Assembly agreed to establish an international plastics convention, and as of October 2024, a total of four intergovernmental negotiating committee meetings have been held. At the third meeting, the Zero draft containing the general contents of the plastics convention was announced, and at the fourth meeting, the Revised zero draft containing more specific contents than the previously announced draft was announced. The Revised zero draft also contains provisions for resolving the problem of marine plastics arising from fishing gear. Marine plastics arising from fishing gear have a serious impact on marine life and the marine environment, and are estimated to account for a significant portion of all marine plastics. Therefore, efforts and discussions by the international community to resolve this issue are necessary. The current international regime is insufficient in resolving the problem of marine plastics arising from fishing gear, so it is necessary to specify provisions for the eco-friendly use, management, and disposal of fishing gear in the newly established Plastics Convention. Accordingly, this study points out the shortcomings of the draft for the Plastics Convention announced to date and proposes that the Convention specify the obligations for labeling, recovery, and reporting of fishing gear, as well as the disposal and treatment of fishing gear and the appropriate handling of fishing gear through port reception facilities.

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