Factors affecting health promotion behavior of school-aged children in South Korea: a cross-sectional study
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Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the health promotion behav- ior of school-aged children informed by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 209 fifth- and sixth-grade elemen- tary school students from Seoul, selected through convenience sampling. Data were col- lected from March 13 to 31, 2023, using a self-administered questionnaire. The question- naire included validated tools that measured health literacy, attitude toward health be- haviors, social support, self-efficacy, and health promotion behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and stepwise multiple regression, using IBM SPSS/WIN ver. 29.0. Results: The factors influencing the health promotion behavior of school-aged children were social support (β=.43, p<.001), attitude toward health behaviors (β=.27, p<.001), in- terest in health (high interest group) (β=.14, p=.003), self-efficacy (β=.13, p=.014), and health literacy (β=.10, p=.026). The explanatory power of the model was 63% (F=68.37, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is highly recommended to develop and apply health education and health promotion programs that consider health literacy, at- titude toward health behaviors, social support, self-efficacy, and interest in health to fos- ter school-aged children’s health promotion behavior.
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the health promotion behav- ior of school-aged children informed by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 209 fifth- and sixth-grade elemen- tary school students from Seoul, selected through convenience sampling. Data were col- lected from March 13 to 31, 2023, using a self-administered questionnaire. The question- naire included validated tools that measured health literacy, attitude toward health be- haviors, social support, self-efficacy, and health promotion behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and stepwise multiple regression, using IBM SPSS/WIN ver. 29.0. Results: The factors influencing the health promotion behavior of school-aged children were social support (β=.43, p<.001), attitude toward health behaviors (β=.27, p<.001), in- terest in health (high interest group) (β=.14, p=.003), self-efficacy (β=.13, p=.014), and health literacy (β=.10, p=.026). The explanatory power of the model was 63% (F=68.37, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is highly recommended to develop and apply health education and health promotion programs that consider health literacy, at- titude toward health behaviors, social support, self-efficacy, and interest in health to fos- ter school-aged children’s health promotion behavior.