한국형 우울장애 선별도구 개발과정: 예비 타당화 연구
Development of Korean Depression Screening Assessment: Phase II Preliminary Validation Study
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초록
현대의 정신건강 정책은 정신질환 예방과 조기개입을 강조함에 따라서 비전문가도 쉽게 평가할 수 있으며, 신뢰도와 타당도가 높은 선별도구가 필수적으로 요구되고 있다. 그러나 현재까지는 한국인을 대상으로 우울을 선별하는 진단적 민감도와 특이성이 높으며, 신뢰할만한타당도의 근거를 충분히 제시하는 도구가 개발되어 있지 않거나, 로열티 비용을 지불해야 한다. 본 연구는 한국형 우울장애 선별도구(Korean screening assessment for depressive disorders, K-DEP)를 개발하는 과정을 공유하고 타당도와 관련된 수집된 근거들과 신뢰도를 제시함으로 한국형 우울장애 선별도구의 타당화 연구를 진행하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이에 본 연구는 DSM-5 및 RDoC 진단기준에 따른우울선별도구의 측정 영역을 포괄하고 우울장애를 민감하게 선별하여 연구 뿐 아니라 병원 및 지역사회 정신건강 기관들에서 사용할 수있으며, 동시에 선별도구의 특성에 맞게 민감도와 특이도가 높고 간결한 우울장애 선별도구의 개발을 목적으로 한다. 연구결과로 내용에기초한 근거(Evidence based on contents), 내적구조에 기초한 근거(Evidence based on internal structure), 다른 변수와의 관련성에 기초한근거(Evidence based on relation with other variables), 응답반응에 기초한 근거(Evidence based on response process), 결과에 기초한 근거(Evidence based on consequence)를 제시하였고 신뢰도, 민감도 및 특이도 또한 제시하였다. 마지막으로 한국형 우울장애 선별 도구의 실효성과제3년차연구과제에대해논의하였다.
Abstract
Recent mental health policies emphasize both primary and secondary prevention of mental illness. In this regard, a screening assessment tool with easy accessibility, high reliability, and validity is crucial for identifying individuals at risk or in need of optimal treatment in various health care settings or national research projects. Even though there are several screening assessment tools available for depressive disorders in Korea, few have been reported to have proper diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for Korean people. None are available for both online and offline assessment, scoring, and interpretation without the payment of an international loyalty fee. The current study aimed to report on our Phase II (second year) validation study of Korean Screening Assessment for Depressive Disorders (K-DEP) including the scale development process, validity evidence, and reliability indices. The K-DEP, a brief screening assessment tool for depressive disorders, is designed to cover major components of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), diagnostic criteria, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), and other screening tools for depressive disorders that can be easily used in community mental health settings, psychiatric hospitals and clinics, or various research projects. The results support the construct validity of the K-DEP with optimal evidence based on its contents, internal structure, relation with other variables, response process, and consequences. We also reported Cronbach’s α, sensitivity, specificity and standard error of measurement using Item Response Theory for the reliability index. The implications of the current study and the research project of the third year are also discussed.
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