만공월면滿空月面과 그 후원자들 — 일제강점기 한국불교 중흥의 동력

Abstract

Mangongwolmyeon(1871-1946) was a Buddhist monk who maintained the autonomy of Korean Buddhism in Japanese colonial era and revived Zen Buddhism. In 1905, he entered Deoksungsan Mountain and renewed Jeonghyesa Temple, and in 1931, he was inaugurated as the chief monk of Sudeoksa Temple, laying the foundation for Garam. In this study, the representative sponsors were identified and their roles were noted by analyzing the Buddhist temples of Jeonghyesa Temple and Sudeoksa Temple led by Mangong. There are three categories of patronage for all. The first is a royal figure, and King Yi Gang, the fifth son of King Gojong, is Prince Uichin. King Uichin sponsored Mangong along with Kim Soo-deok of Deokindang Hall and Kim Heung-in of Suindang Hall. In addition, Lee Ki-yong of Gyedonggung Palace has no children, so one of the 12 sons and nine sons of King Uichin is adopted. The relationship between Mangong and the royal family continued, centering on the figures of Sadonggung Palace and Gyedonggung Palace. The second supporters are the family of painter Jang Wook-jin, who is considered a painter of Korean abstract paintings. Jang Wook-jin’s aunt, Jang Ki-kyu, seems to have served as a mediator between the Jang family and Mangong. The family of Gyeol-sung, who became an emerging landowner in Japanese colonial era, donated the accumulated wealth to Mangong, and with the sponsorship, many Buddhist temples of Jeonghyesa Temple and Sudeoksa Temple could be achieved. In addition, it was revealed through the Bangham Book that Na Hye-seok, known as a friend of Buddhist nun Il-yeop, sent summer retreat from Gyeonseongam Hermitage. The third sponsor is Kim Soo-gon, Gasan gṛhapati from Taein, North Jeolla Province. Kim Soo-gon, who was deeply religious, gave property to various temples such as Geumsan Temple, Beopjusa Temple and Baekyangsa Temple, but it is presumed that his relationship with Mangong was particularly different. Kim Soo-gon’s role in patron was so important that he wrote the article of Sangryangmun, which was built by Joinjeongsa, Sudeoksa Temple. Kim Soo-gon’s only daughter, Kim Jin-min, worked as a female calligrapher, and wrote the writing on the signboard of Gwaneumjeon Hall of Jeonghyesa Temple, creating an unusual scene in which women and women participate in the Buddhist temple together. It can be said that Jeonghyesa Temple and Sudeoksa Temple were able to be established as the restoration of Seon Buddhism today as the result of the efforts of Mangong and its supporters.