문제행동을 가진 발달장애 아동을 위한 부모-아동 상호작용 관찰 체크리스트(PCI-D)의 개발
Development of Parent Child Interaction-Direct Observation Checklist (PCI-D) for Children with Developmental Disabilities
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초록
본 연구에서는 문제행동을 가진 발달장애를 가진 아동의 부모-아동 상호작용을 관찰하는 체크리스트(PCI-D)를 개발하고 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 먼저 체크리스트 개발을 위해 기존 연구에서 주로 사용되는 도구인 FOS-R III의 문항을 바탕으로 문제행동 전문가 대상 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 통해 문항을 제작하였다. 그 후 구조화된 환경에서 부모-아동 상호작용을 담은 동영상에 대한 파일럿 코딩이 진행되었으며, 결과에 따라 문항과 점수 체계를 수정 보완하여 최종판을 확정 지었다. 체크리스트의 신뢰도와 타당도 검증을 위해 문제행동을 가진 발달장애 아동과 부모 52쌍과 정상발달 아동과 부모 16쌍의 상호작용을 비디오 촬영하여 FOS-R III와 PCI-D로 코딩하여 비교하였으며, 설문도구인 문제행동 평가척도(BPI-01)도 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 체크리스트는 적절한 내적일치도와 높은 관찰자간 신뢰도를 보였다. FOS-R III 및 BPI-01과의 공인타당도 또한 높게 나타나 체크리스트가 심리측정적으로 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. 위의 결과를 중심으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop the PCI-D using the Likert scale which measures problem behaviors of children with DD. To develop the checklist, a focus group interview was conducted with behavior analysts and possible items were generated upon discussion based on FOS-R III. Then, interactions of children with DD and their parents were pilot-coded, and based on the pilot-coding data, items and coding systems of PCI-D were fixed and finalized. Reliability and validity of PCI-D were examined using the data set of 52 pairs of children with DD-parents and 16 pairs of TD children-parents; child-parent interactions were videotaped and coded in PCI-D and FOS-R-III. Also BPI-01 was conducted for validity measure. Results showed acceptable level of internal consistency and high inter-rater reliability of the checklist. Concurrent validity was observed via high correlations with FOS-R III and BPI-01. Clinical and research implications as well as limitations are discussed.
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