초국적 네트워크와 국내 태국 불교사원의 발전
Transnational Networks and the Development of Thai Buddhist Temples in Korea
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There are three Thai Buddhist temples in Korea; Wat Buddharangsee, Wat Dhammajetiyaram and Wat Bhavana. Those temples were established before and after 2013, the year Thai immigrants in Korea were rapidly increased. However, the degree of development of these temples is different. Wat Buddharangsee has own site and building, legally registered as a religious organization. On the other hand, Wat Dhammajetiyaram established only one year after Wat Buddharangsee, yet it does not have own site or building. Wat Dhammajetiyaram has been struggled with lack of funds, even though it had been officially acknowledged by the Council of Dhammduta Bhikkhus in East Asia. In the meantime, Wat Bhavana could afford legal registration without an acknowledgement of the Council of Thai Bhikkus. The disparity of development among these Thai Buddhist temples is caused by their transnational networks diversification. All the Thai Buddhist temples in Korea were commonly maintaining a relation with a main temple in Thailand where is the temple in Korea originated from. However while Wat Buddharangsee and Wat Bhavana was retaining multidimensional transnational networks with overseas Thai Buddhist temples besides Thailand, Wat Dhammajetiyaram did not diversify its transnational network. Whether diversified transnational networks are regulated or not, it could be helpful for developing temple in various ways. Therefore, it reveals that diversified transnational networks are more important than unitary transnational network to development of Thai Buddhist temples in Korea. Transnational researches, which were biased the relation between immigrants’ homeland and country of settlement, now should more consider diversified transnational networks.
Abstract
There are three Thai Buddhist temples in Korea; Wat Buddharangsee, Wat Dhammajetiyaram and Wat Bhavana. Those temples were established before and after 2013, the year Thai immigrants in Korea were rapidly increased. However, the degree of development of these temples is different. Wat Buddharangsee has own site and building, legally registered as a religious organization. On the other hand, Wat Dhammajetiyaram established only one year after Wat Buddharangsee, yet it does not have own site or building. Wat Dhammajetiyaram has been struggled with lack of funds, even though it had been officially acknowledged by the Council of Dhammduta Bhikkhus in East Asia. In the meantime, Wat Bhavana could afford legal registration without an acknowledgement of the Council of Thai Bhikkus. The disparity of development among these Thai Buddhist temples is caused by their transnational networks diversification. All the Thai Buddhist temples in Korea were commonly maintaining a relation with a main temple in Thailand where is the temple in Korea originated from. However while Wat Buddharangsee and Wat Bhavana was retaining multidimensional transnational networks with overseas Thai Buddhist temples besides Thailand, Wat Dhammajetiyaram did not diversify its transnational network. Whether diversified transnational networks are regulated or not, it could be helpful for developing temple in various ways. Therefore, it reveals that diversified transnational networks are more important than unitary transnational network to development of Thai Buddhist temples in Korea. Transnational researches, which were biased the relation between immigrants’ homeland and country of settlement, now should more consider diversified transnational networks.
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