Facile in situ Formation of CuO/ZnO p-n Heterojunction for Improved H2S-sensing Applications
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In this study, hierarchical mesoporous CuO spheres, ZnO flowers, and heterojunction CuO/ZnO nanostructures were fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method. The as-prepared materials were characterized in detail using various analytical methods such as powder X-ray diffraction, micro Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained results are consistent with each other. The H2S-sensing characteristics of the sensors fabricated based on the CuO spheres, ZnO flowers, and CuO/ZnO heterojunction were investigated at different temperatures and gas concentrations. The sensor based on ZnO flowers showed a maximum response of ~141 at 225 °C. The sensor based on CuO spheres exhibited a maximum response of 218 at 175 °C, whereas the sensor based on the CuO/ZnO nano-heterostructure composite showed a maximum response of 344 at 150 °C. The detection limit (DL) of the sensor based on the CuO/ZnO heterojunction was ~120 ppb at 150 °C. The CuO/ZnO sensor showed the maximum response to H2S compared with other interfering gases such as ethanol, methanol, and CO, indicating its high selectivity.
Abstract
In this study, hierarchical mesoporous CuO spheres, ZnO flowers, and heterojunction CuO/ZnO nanostructures were fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method. The as-prepared materials were characterized in detail using various analytical methods such as powder X-ray diffraction, micro Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained results are consistent with each other. The H2S-sensing characteristics of the sensors fabricated based on the CuO spheres, ZnO flowers, and CuO/ZnO heterojunction were investigated at different temperatures and gas concentrations. The sensor based on ZnO flowers showed a maximum response of ~141 at 225 °C. The sensor based on CuO spheres exhibited a maximum response of 218 at 175 °C, whereas the sensor based on the CuO/ZnO nano-heterostructure composite showed a maximum response of 344 at 150 °C. The detection limit (DL) of the sensor based on the CuO/ZnO heterojunction was ~120 ppb at 150 °C. The CuO/ZnO sensor showed the maximum response to H2S compared with other interfering gases such as ethanol, methanol, and CO, indicating its high selectivity.
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