새마을운동 세계화의 진화와 발전방안: 경상북도 사례를 중심으로

Abstract

The Saemaul Undong in Korea, which started in the 1970s, has been developing into a community development movement to solve the poverty problem in developing countries in the 2000s. The purpose of this study is to examine the evolutionary process of Saemaul globalization carried out by Gyeongsangbuk-do and to seek development plans. The globalization project of the Saemaul Undong in Gyeongsangbuk-do began in earnest in 2005 with the invitation of domestic training and field visit training. The progress of Saemaul globalization in Gyeongsangbuk-do can be divided into the introduction period (2005-2007), the foundation-building period (2008-2011), the maturity period (2012-2015), and the diffusion period (after 2016). First, during the introduction period, the Saemaul Undong experience transfer and pilot village creation and support projects were implemented for underdeveloped countries. Second, during the foundation period, the expansion of Saemaul pilot villages, the creation of a Korean-style Millennium Village (KMVP), the establishment of the Gyeongbuk-style Official Development Assistance (ODA) model, the expansion of research and educational institutions, and the Saemaul International Forum began in earnest. Third, in the mature period, organizations that study and practice Saemaul Undong were established overseas, and the number of overseas Saemaul trainings increased and the scale increased. Fourth, in the period of proliferation, cooperation projects with international organizations were expanded, and a cooperative model was established in which companies and Saemaul coexist. Through this development process, the development plan for Saemaul globalization is as follows. First, it is necessary to establish a systematic system so that local governments and public officials of beneficiary countries can actively participate in the pilot project with a sense of responsibility. Second, it is important to consider the strong will of the national leader for the Saemaul Undong, political and social stability, the natural environment and economic conditions of the village, and the appropriateness of the village size. Third, it is necessary to discover and nurture village leaders who will lead change, strengthen awareness education among residents, and foster a sense of ownership. Fourth, as a Saemaul globalization strategy, social capital such as participation, trust, compliance with norms, and networking should be accumulated.