Q 방법론을 활용한 영아기 모성행동 유형화 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the representative maternal behaviors of infancy and to develop evaluation scale for classifying the maternal behavior types. From the in-depth review of literatures using Q methodology to find the maternal behavior types, a total of 28 sub-categories(A1～ G4) in the three areas; practical maternal behaviors, ideal maternal behaviors, and mixed maternal behaviors were drawn. Through the Q factor analysis, three distinct maternal behavior types were identified. To grasp characteristics about mothers' rearing of their own child by each factor and to select the typical items of each factor, the researcher compared each item of high fields in factor weight(Z-score>+1, Z-score<-1). And from the results of the analysis, 23 items were selected among 40 Q sample. Multidimensional scaling and discriminant function analysis showed that all three factors were correctly classified into their respective types; (1) “rational-harmonious maternal behaviors”, (2)“sensitive-permissive maternal behaviors”, and (3) “extrovert-restrictive maternal behaviors”. The result indicated that the scale could be used as a valid and reliable instrument to classify maternal behaviors types. Based on these results, the directions for future research were discussed.