이혼 여성의 이혼의 의미 찾기에 대한 연구
A Study on the Searching for Meaning in Divorce of divorced women
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본 연구는 새로운 적응이 요구되는 스트레스적이고 예측하지 못했던 생애 사건을 경험하는 사람들에게 의미 찾기가 적응에 미치는 긍정적인 영향에 기반 하여, 이혼 여성들의 이혼 찾기에 대하여 탐색하였다. 이혼 여성들이 이혼의 의미를 찾고 구성하는 과정에서 나타난 전략들을 탐색하고 그 과정 속에서 찾아진 의미들을 확인하며, 연구 결과를 바탕으로 실천적 함의를 고찰하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 이혼 여성 9명을 심층 인터뷰하여 이혼에 대한 의미 찾기의 과정과 의미들을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 본 연구 참여자들의 의미 찾기의 핵심은 이혼 이후의 성장과 회복을 강조하며, 그 사건에 대한 긍정적인 의미를 발달시키며 긍정적 내러티브(narrative)를 써내려 간다는 것이었다. 즉, 자신의 관점과 인식을 바탕으로 자신의 이혼 이야기를 다시 쓰는 과정이라고 볼 수 있었다. 본 과정의 맥락을 살펴보면, 우선 참여자들은 자신의 기존 신념과 사회적인 신념·가치와 일치하지 않는 현실에 처해 있다. 따라서 이로 인하여 야기된 인지의 부조화, 심리적 긴장을 감소시키기 위해서 의미 찾기의 과정을 갖는다. 그 내용을 보면, 일차적으로 ‘자신의 이혼 과정’에 대한 이해를 통해 ‘최선의 선택’으로서 자신의 이혼에 대한 의미를 형성하고 자신의 이혼을 설명한다. ‘이혼 이후의 현실을 재평가’ 하는 과정 속에서는 여러 인지적 이해 전략들을 사용하였고, 결과적으로 이혼에 대하여 ‘낙인을 넘어 긍정과 대안의 의미’를 구성하는 모습을 보였다. 이러한 모습은 사회적 인식과 자신의 현실이 부조화 된 현실에서 다시 균형을 찾기 위한 노력으로 이해될 수 있었다. 결론 부분에서는 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 이혼 여성들을 만나는 실천 현장에서 고려할 수 있는 실천적 함의와 사회문화적으로 이혼에 대한 새로운 담론들이 좀 더 다양하게 이야기되어지고 제시되어야 할 필요성을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study explores the ways, characteristics in the searching for meaning in divorce of divorces women by interviewing 9 divorced women. The results are follows. First of all, women were generally found to view divorce as an opportunity through the process to positively 're-story' circumstances, roles, status, rather than stigmatized and marginalized. The process of searching for meaning is being identified by the process of narrative by this study. Subjects experienced psychological distress and cognitive dissonance caused by beliefs or behaviors inconsistent with their underlying beliefs. These situations lead to the searching for meaning towards reduction of psychological tension. The subjects are used follow ways to search for meaning, 1) Understanding causes of the divorce 2) Doing a reappraisal of situations and realities after divorce. The second ways includes : doing a positively reappraisal of the divorce, appreciating and satisfying current life, positively revaluing past lives, changing the belief system from constructive to receptive. And, subjects reconstruct alternative meanings for the divorce. The meanings as outcomes within the process of searching for meaning refer to such as 'the best choice', self growth, and opportunity beyond stigma. The ability to find new, positive meanings in their circumstances seemed to be a critical way in enhanced recover and adaptation. Finally, this study provided clinical implications on based these results in discussion part.
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