작업기억의 개인차 : 무관련 정보 억제의 차이
Individual Differences in Working Memory : Inhibition of Irrelevant Information
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작업기억의 읽기 범위에 따른 개인차가 무관련 정보의 억제과정에 작용하는 과정을 살펴보기 위해서 두 개의 독립적인 실험을 실시하였다. 실험 1은 탐사재인과제을 사용하였으며 작업기억 범위가 작은 폭 집단에 비해 큰 폭 집단에서 관련정보의 촉진적 활성화 기제보다는 무관련 정보의 선택적 억제기제가 잘 작동한다는 결과를 얻었다. 실험 2의 어휘판단과제에서도 동일한 결과를 보였으며 두 실험 모두 큰 폭 집단이 작은 폭 집단에 비해 기억부담의 영향을 받지 않는다는 공통된 결과를 얻었다. 이러한 결과는 억제가 작업기억 개인차를 설명하는 중요한 요인임을 시사해준다.
Abstract
Two experiments examined the relation of working memory capacity and the inhibition mechanism in working memory. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the high WM span group inhibited irrelevant information selectively and the low WM span group maintained both relevant and irrelevant information within WM. Experiment 2 showed that there were similar patterns of response time between high and low WM span groups in the lexical decision task. These results suggest that the ability to maintain relevant information and inhibit irrelevant information selectively in WM is an important factor of individual differences in working memory.
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