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이중언어의 어휘접근과 범주 특수적 의미체계

Lexical Access in the Bilinguals and the Category-specific Semantic System

조성우|이승복|정효선
한국인지과학회 (The Korean Society for Cognitive Science)|2010.12|인지과학 (Korean Journal of Cognitive Science)|제21권 제4호|pp. 505-534|DOI 10.19066/cogsci.2010.21.4.004

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참고문헌

키워드

이중언어semantic systembilingual어휘접근의미범주semantic categories의미체계기본수준 범주lexicon accessbasic-level category
주제분류인지과학

초록

한국어-영어 후기 이중언어자에서 두 언어에 따른 의미체계에 대한 어휘접근 방식을 비교해보고자, 단어-그림 일치판단과제를 실시하였다. 자연물과 인공물에 속하는 두 가지 범주에 속하는 기본수준 범주의 단어 제시 후, 해당 그림을 제시하여 일치하는지 판단하도록 하였다. 단어-그림의 제시간격(SOA)을 실험 1에서는 650ms로 하였고, 실험 2에서는 200ms로 설정하여 과제수행에서의 번역효과를 통제하였다. 실험 1, 2 모두에서 한국어가 제시되었을 때가 영어로 제시되었을 때보다 반응시간이 빨랐다. 또한 두 언어에 따라 반응시간 양상에 차이가 났는데, L1(한국어)에서는 자연물에서, L2(영어)에서는 인공물에서 하위범주 간 차이를 보였다. 이러한 차이를 공유된 의미체계에 대한 어휘접근 방식의 차이로 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was aimed to compare the lexical access and representation of semantic system in the bilinguals. The participants(late Korean-English bilinguals) performed the word-picture matching task. The task was to decide whether the pictures presented after the words(basic-level categories) represent the Korean(L1) or English(L2) words' meaning or not. The stimuli were consisted of common object belonged to four different categories(animal, part of body, clothes, tool). To control the translation strategies, the SOA(stimulus onset asynchrony) were manipulated as 650ms(Exp. 1) and 200ms(Exp. 2). In both experiment, the RTs were faster in L1 condition. The decision time of the part of body categories were shorter than the animal in L1 condition. In L2 condition, clothes were responded faster than the tools. The differences of the lexical access time implied that the bilingual semantic system seemed to be structured by more sub-level categories than the super-level, living or non-living things, and the ways to access the bilingual lexicon might be differentiated according to the languages.

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