백학명, 백용성의 선농일치와 고불총림

Abstract

This paper examines Baek Hak Myeong and Baek Yong Seong,‌ who practiced the Unity of Farming and Seon (禪農一致) in modern Korean Buddhism,‌and examines their relationship with the Gobul Monastic Complex.‌ The movement that sought to restore the tradition of Korean Buddhism and reform Buddhism through self-sufficiency appeared as the Unity of Farming and Seon. Baek Hak Myeong practiced half-farming and half-seon at Naejangsa Seonwon from‌ 1923‌ to‌ 1929.‌ Hakmyeong launched a new Buddhist movement that combined Seon practice with Gan-gyeong,‌Beom-pae,‌and farming.‌Looking at the rules of Naejangsa Seonwon,‌it was centered on half farming and half-seon,‌and it aimed to select new monks to cultivate talent and create a harmonious and united Chongrim.‌It is particularly noteworthy that he revealed the unity of farming and seon through Buddhist lyrics and attempted to reform Buddhism through Buddhist culture.‌He also spread the unity of farming and seon to society,‌establishing a foundation for relief of the poor and self-sufficiency. Baek Yong Seong established Hwagwawon in Hamyang-gun in‌1927‌ and realized the unity of farming and seon-nong.‌Hwagwawon was a Seonwon that implemented Seon-nong-ilchi,‌and practiced Zen meditation along with farming until‌ 1953.‌ Yongseong practiced self-sufficiency and production Buddhism through the Unity of Farming and Seon at Hwagwawon.‌ Song Man Am served as the chief priest of Baekyangsa Temple from‌1916‌ and practiced the Unity of Farming and Seon,‌half farming and half Seon,‌for about‌30‌years,‌rebuilding Baekyangsa Temple.‌He carried out reconstruction Buddhist projects for a long time through the Unity of Farming and Seon and a frugal and modest life,‌and also held bamboo crafting classes for not only monks but also villagers to become self-sufficient.‌He expanded the temple economy to the local economy and practiced production Buddhism.‌Manam established Gobulchongnim in‌1947‌to establish the Seon Buddhism tradition and to practice the Unity of Farming and Seon.‌The Unity of Farming and Seon of Manam and the Gobul Monastic Complex set an example by contributing to the local education,‌economy,‌and society based on practice and education. We examined the aspects of the succession of the Unity of Farming and Seon in Korean Buddhism up to the present through 'Big Kinds',‌which analyzed big data from news articles since‌1990.‌We can see that Korean Buddhism still considers Seon Buddhism and the Unity of Farming and Seon important,‌centering on the general forest. Through this discussion,‌we examined the significance and characteristics of the Unity of Farming and Seon in Hakmyeong,‌Yongseong,‌Manam,‌and the Gobul Monastic Complex.‌Through this,‌we can examine the aspects of the succession of the tradition of Korean Seon Buddhism.