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사회적 맥락에 따른 경계선 성격장애 경향군의 얼굴 표정 정서 인식 특성

Facial emotion recognition in borderline personality trait

임종민|장문선|이상일|박혜주
한국건강심리학회 (Korean Health Psychological Association)|2023.05|한국심리학회지: 건강 (Korean Journal of Health Psychology)|제28권 제3호|pp. 623-644|DOI 10.17315/kjhp.2023.28.3.002

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해석편향경계선 성격장애Borderline Personality DisorderFacial Emotion RecognitionInterpretation bias얼굴표정 정서 인식사이버볼 게임(Cyberball Game)Cyberball
주제분류심리과학

초록

사회적 맥락에 따른 경계선 성격장애 경향군의 얼굴 표정 인식 특성을 밝히기 위한 목적으로 본 연구를 수행하였다. 대학생을 대상으로 경계선 성격장애 경향 집단(22명)과 통제집단(23명)을 모집하여 연구를 진행하였다. 사이버볼 게임(Cyberball Game) 과제로 사회적 배척 상황과 사회적 수용 상황을 유발한 다음에 얼굴표정 정서 인식 과제(Facial emotion recognition task, FER)를 실시하였다. FER 과제에서 나타난 결과를 토대로 두 집단의 정서 인식 명확성과 정서 명명에 대한 오류 패턴을 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 경계선 성격장애 경향 집단은 통제집단에 비해 사회적 배척 상황을 경험한 이후의 ‘분노’ 표정에 대한 정서 인식 정확률이 낮았으며, 오류 응답 패턴에서 ‘분노’ 표정을 ‘혐오’로 오인하는 인식 편향이 관찰되었다. 이와 대조적으로 사회적 수용 상황을 경험한 이후의 정서 인식 정확률은 모든 정서에서 집단 간 차이가 유의하지 않았고, 오류 패턴 또한 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 경계선 성격장애 경향 집단이 사회적 배척 상황을 경험한 이후 공격적 단서인 ‘분노’ 표정을 거절 단서인 ‘혐오’로 잘못 인식함에 따라 타인의 정서를 오인하여 대인관계 상황에서 갈등을 겪을 수 있음을 의미한다. 이는 또한 경계선 성격장애 경향을 지닌 사람은 모든 대인관계 상황이 아니라 사회적 배척과 같이 유기 불안이 자극되는 부정적인 상황에서 얼굴 표정 정서 인식에 대한 정확성의 감소와 편향적 지각을 보이며, 부정적 대인관계 상호작용 이후에 사회적 수용을 경험하면 정서가 안정되어 얼굴 표정 정서를 인식하는 능력에서 통제집단과 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않는다는 것을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study aimed to elucidate the emotion recognition characteristics of the borderline personality disorder tendency according to social situations. 45 university students aged 18 or older were selected and randomly assigned to a personality disorder tendency group(n=22), and a control group(n=23). The social situation was manipulated as a Cyberball task, and after experiencing social exclusion and social acceptance in turn, the categorical emotional recognition accuracy of facial expression emotions presented in the Face Expression Recognition task (FER) was compared among individuals in the group. In addition, error patterns were analyzed in response to the name of the emotional category to clarify whether the borderline personality disorder tendency group exhibited a biased perception of a specific emotion. Results of this study showed that after experiencing the social exclusion situation, the borderline personality disorder tendency group showed lower emotional recognition accuracy for ‘anger’ emotional expression than the general group, and the error pattern analysis results revealed a perception bias. However, after experiencing the social acceptance situation, the difference in the accuracy rate between groups in all emotional expressions was not significant, and no specific error pattern was found. These findings suggest that the borderline personality disorder tendency group may misunderstand the emotions of others and experience conflict in interpersonal situations as they misrecognize the aggressive clue, ‘anger’ expression, as a clue to rejection. At the same time, patients with borderline personality disorder show a decrease in accuracy and biased perception of facial expression emotional recognition in negative situations such as social exclusion, but not in all interpersonal situations.

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