우울과 스마트폰 과사용의 관계에서 긴급성의 매개효과
The Relationship between Depression and Smartphone Overuse: Urgency as a Mediator
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초록
청소년기의 과도한 스마트폰 사용은 다양한 영역에서의 기능손상을 유발할 수 있으므로 스마트폰 과사용의 위험요인과 발달 기제에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 특히 청소년 우울과 긴급성 각각이 스마트폰 과사용을 예측한다는 선행연구 결과에도 불구하고 구체적인 기제를 살펴본 연구는 상대적으로 부족하였다. 본 연구는 우울과 같은 부정정서가 인지적 자원을 소진시킴으로써 긴급성을 상승시키고, 결과적으로 중독 위험이 있는 행동으로 이어진다는 선행연구에 입각하여 대규모 청소년 집단을 대상으로 우울이 스마트폰 과사용에 영향을 미치는 경로에서 긴급성의 매개효과를 확인하였다. 이를 위해 초등학교 6학년 896명(남 391명, 여 505명)과 중학교 2학년 538명(남 228명, 여 310명)을 대상으로 우울, 스마트폰 과사용, 긴급성을 온라인 자기보고식 설문지로 측정하였다. 경로모형 분석결과, 우울이 스마트폰 과사용을 정적으로 예측하는 경로에서 긴급성의 부분매개효과가 나타나 청소년기의 스마트폰 과사용으로 이어지는 기제 중 하나가 긴급성임을 시사하였다. 본 결과는 청소년기 스마트폰 과사용에 대한 선별 및 예방에서 우울과 긴급성이 효과적인 표적일 수 있다는 임상적 함의를 제공한다.
Abstract
Smartphone overuse during adolescence, where physical and psychological development occurs rapidly, can cause functional problems in various areas, including mental health problems such as anxiety, stress, and poor academic performance. Although previous studies have suggested that depression and urgency could each predict smartphone overuse, only a few studies have examined how they may conjointly influence smartphone use. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of urgency in the relationship between depression and smartphone overuse in a large sample of adolescents. Participants were 896 elementary students (391 males, 505 females) and 538 middle school students (228 males, 310 females) who completed a set of online self-report questionnaires measuring depression, urgency, and smartphone use. The results of path analysis indicated that urgency significantly and partially mediated the relationship between depression and smartphone overuse. The findings suggest that urgency may be an underlying mechanism by which depression may contribute to smartphone overuse in adolescents, and highlights depression and urgency as potential targets for Intervention of smartphone overuse.
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